Jets provide us with ideal probes of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) produced in heavy-ion collisions, since its dynamics at its different scales is imprinted into the multiscale substructure of the final state jets. We present a new approach to jet substructure in heavy-ion collisions based on the study of correlation functions of energy flow operators. By analyzing the two-point correlator of an in-medium quark jet, we demonstrate that the spectra of correlation functions robustly identify the scales defined by the properties of the QGP, particularly those associated with the onset of color coherence.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.262301 | DOI Listing |
Phys Rev Lett
December 2024
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland.
High-energy nuclear collisions create a quark-gluon plasma, whose initial condition and subsequent expansion vary from event to event, impacting the distribution of the eventwise average transverse momentum [P([p_{T}])]. Disentangling the contributions from fluctuations in the nuclear overlap size (geometrical component) and other sources at a fixed size (intrinsic component) remains a challenge. This problem is addressed by measuring the mean, variance, and skewness of P([p_{T}]) in ^{208}Pb+^{208}Pb and ^{129}Xe+^{129}Xe collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev E
November 2024
Department of Physics "A. Pontremoli," University of Milan, via Celoria 16, 20133 Milan, Italy and Institute of Theoretical Physics, University of Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
The shear viscosity is a fundamental transport property of matter. Here we derive a general theory of the viscosity of gases based on the relativistic Langevin equation (deduced from a relativistic Lagrangian) and nonaffine linear response theory. The proposed relativistic theory is able to recover the viscosity of nonrelativistic classical gases, with all its key dependencies on mass, temperature, particle diameter, and Boltzmann constant, in the limit of Lorentz factor γ=1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev Lett
September 2024
Departamento de Física, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla, 160-C, Concepción, Chile.
We show that the planar, charged black hole in asymptotically anti-de Sitter spacetime, dual to the strongly coupled quark-gluon plasma thermal state of large N, SU(N), N=4 super Yang-Mills at finite chemical potential undergoes a third-order phase transition in the grand canonical ensemble to a hairy black hole of type IIB supergravity. The hairy phase is another strongly coupled fluid with a conformal equation of state and can be interpreted as another kind of quark-gluon plasma. This new quark-gluon plasma has less entropy and, therefore, seems to characterize some form of smooth hadronization.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev Lett
June 2024
Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA.
In ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions, a plasma of deconfined quarks and gluons is formed within 1 fm/c of the nuclei's impact. The complex dynamics of the collision before ≈1 fm/c is often described with parametric models, which affect the predictivity of calculations. In this work, we perform a systematic analysis of LHC measurements from Pb-Pb collisions, by combining an ab initio model of the early stage of the collisions with a hydrodynamic model of the plasma.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev Lett
June 2024
Fakultät für Physik, Universität Bielefeld, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
We propose the angular distribution of lepton pairs produced in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions as a probe of thermalization of the quark-gluon plasma. We focus on dileptons with invariant masses large enough that they are produced through quark-antiquark annihilation in the early stages of the collision. The angular distribution of the lepton in the rest frame of the pair then reflects the angular distribution of quark momenta.
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