AI Article Synopsis
- The effectiveness of mucosal vaccines relies on suitable delivery systems, with spore-based methods emerging as a promising option.
- Various antigens have been successfully displayed on spores using different techniques, and these have shown the ability to stimulate targeted immune responses in animal models when administered orally or nasally.
- The review highlights the pros and cons of using bacterial spores for this purpose, comparing recombinant and non-recombinant methods, and summarizes the immune responses generated in studies involving antigens presented on spore surfaces.
Article Abstract
The development of efficient mucosal vaccines is strongly dependent on the use of appropriate vectors. Various biological systems or synthetic nanoparticles have been proposed to display and deliver antigens to mucosal surfaces. The spore, a metabolically quiescent and extremely resistant cell, has also been proposed as a mucosal vaccine delivery system and shown able to conjugate the advantages of live and synthetic systems. Several antigens have been displayed on the spore by either recombinant or non-recombinant approaches, and antigen-specific immune responses have been observed in animals immunized by the oral or nasal route. Here we review the use of the bacterial spore as a mucosal vaccine vehicle focusing on the advantages and drawbacks of using the spore and of the recombinant vs. non-recombinant approach to display antigens on the spore surface. An overview of the immune responses induced by antigen-displaying spores so far tested in animals is presented and discussed.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10341597 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241310880 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Nanocarrier vaccines for respiratory infections.
Trends Mol Med
January 2025
School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China. Electronic address:
Respiratory infections continue to pose a major global health challenge, leading to high morbidity and mortality. Effective vaccines are crucial for prevention of these, and nanotechnology offers a promising approach to enhance vaccine efficacy through nanocarrier systems. This review explores recent advances in nanocarrier-based vaccines for respiratory pathogens, focusing on their ability to promote mucosal immunity against viral infections.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPredicting airway immune responses and protection from immune parameters in blood following immunization in a pig influenza model.
Front Immunol
January 2025
Nuffield Department of Medicine, Pandemic Sciences Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Whereas the intranasally delivered influenza vaccines used in children affect transmission of influenza virus in the community as well as reducing illness, inactivated influenza vaccines administered by intramuscular injection do not prevent transmission and have a variable, sometimes low rate of vaccine effectiveness. Although mucosally administered vaccines have the potential to induce more protective immune response at the site of viral infection, quantitating such immune responses in large scale clinical trials and developing correlates of protection is challenging. Here we show that by using mathematical models immune responses measured in the blood after delivery of vaccine to the lungs by aerosol can predict immune responses in the respiratory tract in pigs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA New Conceptual Framework for Enhancing Vaccine Efficacy in Malnourished Children.
J Multidiscip Healthc
December 2024
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Background: Malnourished children in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) often exhibit reduced vaccine efficacy, particularly for oral vaccines like polio and rotavirus, due to impaired immune responses. Nutritional deficiencies, such as in vitamin A and zinc, along with environmental factors like poor sanitation, exacerbate this issue. Existing research has explored the individual impacts of malnutrition on vaccine outcomes, but a comprehensive framework that integrates nutritional, immune, and environmental factors has been lacking.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn Vivo Evidence for the Preventive Role of Vaccinium macrocarpon Aiton in Indomethacin-Induced Gastric Ulcer: Focusing on Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Apoptotic Mechanisms.
Vet Med Sci
January 2025
Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
The present study aimed to unveil the gastroprotective potential of Vaccinium macrocarpon (VM) extract and its mechanism of action against indomethacin (INDO)-induced gastric ulcers in rats. To achieve this goal, rats were pretreated with either omeprazole (20 mg/kg) or VM (100 mg/kg) orally for 14 consecutive days. Gastric tissue samples were collected and various parameters were evaluated to understand the mechanism of VM's action, including the levels of superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde, glutathione, CAT and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), as well as the mRNA expression levels of tumour necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 1 beta, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and inhibitor kappa B (IκB).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNovel and efficient yeast-based strategies for subunit vaccine delivery against COVID-19.
Int J Biol Macromol
December 2024
Institute of Bioengineering, Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing 402460, China. Electronic address:
Yeast shows promise as a delivery system for drugs and vaccines due to its specific targeting and immunogenic properties. The objective of this research is to create novel and effective yeast-based methods for delivering subunit vaccines. Through the modification of yeast expression plasmids and optimization of expression techniques, a new dual-expression system has been developed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!