Decisional support is important to people with intellectual disabilities. This review explores: i) how everyday decision-making is perceived and/or experienced by adults with intellectual disability, their care partners and direct care support workers (DCSWs); ii) techniques/approaches used to support everyday decision-making; and iii) barriers/facilitators encountered. PRISMA systematic review methodology using PsycInfo, PubMED, Web of Science, CINAHL and Scopus. Eighty-one papers were included [qualitative ( = 69), quantitative ( = 7), mixed methods ( = 5)]. Adults with intellectual disability reported wanting to make decisions and needing support. Care partner support was affected by concerns about safety and decisional capacity. DCSWs reported difficulty balancing client decisions and care partner concerns when providing support. Supported Decision-Making (SDM) was identified as a key method of support. Barriers and facilitators were interconnected and impacted by stressors. This topic is under-researched and ill-defined. Supported decision-making is an increasingly popular approach whose application requires further exploration.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17446295231189020 | DOI Listing |
Debilitating anxiety is pervasive in the modern world. Choices to approach or avoid are common in everyday life and excessive avoidance is a cardinal feature of all anxiety disorders. Here, we used intracranial EEG to define a distributed prefrontal-limbic circuit dynamics supporting approach and avoidance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis article presents a situational analysis of the expert advice offered by Independent SAGE, a group of scientists that formed in May 2020 in the UK to provide advice on the Covid response. Based on interviews with the group's members and partners, we argue that through its interventions Indie SAGE demonstrated an important alternative approach to linking science and politics in a time of emergency. They showed that the only way to ensure that policy and decision-making on Covid-19 was grounded in knowledge was by making expert advice public.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnal Chem
January 2025
Division of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta Canada, T6G 2G3.
Implementation of Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Respect (DEIR) is crucial for supporting students in a culturally safe environment, reducing bias, fostering respect, broadening perspectives, enhancing collaboration, and improving education in science. DEIR with Indigenous reconciliation incorporates Indigenous-based DEIR initiatives as a response to the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) in Canada to acknowledge the intergenerational trauma and mistrust toward colonial institutions such as universities. Universities can advance reconciliation by incorporating DEIR with Indigenous reconciliation into everyday practices.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNurs Inq
January 2025
Research Group for Person-Centeredness in an Ageing Society, Fontys University of Applied Sciences, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
Shared governance in hospitals promotes the inclusion of nurses' expertise, knowledge and skills in organisational processes, and nurses increasingly fulfil positions in organisational hierarchies. However, incorporating nursing expertise in strategic governance structures might be complicated, as these structures are primarily linked to managerial and biomedical expertise. Drawing on a Foucauldian perspective on knowledge and power, intertwined and embedded in everyday (inter)actions, we study how newly appointed directors of nursing challenge these dominant 'modes of knowing'.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAntibiotics (Basel)
November 2024
Department of Restorative Odontology and Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
Background/objectives: Inexperienced dentists and dental students are especially prone to misdiagnosis, and this represents a huge problem regarding antimicrobial stewardship. We aimed to develop a mobile app for rational antibiotic prescribing in dentistry based on local-systemic symptoms and patient factors, rather than solely on diagnosis, to tackle misdiagnosis.
Methods: The study involved 64 participants, 50 of which were third-year dental students attending a pharmacology course focusing on antimicrobials, comprising lectures and practical sessions without (noAPP group, n = 22) or with (APP group n = 28) the assistance of a mobile application.
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