Background: The effectiveness of immunotherapy has been validated in multiple cancers. However, not all patients benefit from immunotherapy, and its objective response rate is less than 30% in some cancers, so it is of great importance to find a pan-cancer biomarker that can effectively predict immunotherapy response.
Methods: Fifteen immunotherapy datasets were retrospectively analyzed to determine pan-cancer biomarkers to predict immunotherapy response. A total of 348 patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) who received anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy from the dataset of IMvigor210 trial were included in the primary analysis. In addition, 12 public immunotherapy datasets of different cancers and two datasets of gastrointestinal cancer patients who received anti-PD-1 or anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy between August 2015 and May 2019 at Peking University Cancer Hospital (PUCH) were analyzed as validation cohorts.
Results: The expression of CXCL9, IFNG, and GBP5 was independently associated with the response to anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy in patients with mUC. The ability of the expression panel of CXCL9, IFNG, and GBP5 to predict immunotherapy response was validated in immunotherapy datasets of different cancers.
Conclusion: The expression panel of CXCL9, IFNG, and GBP5 can potentially be a pan-cancer biomarker for predicting immunotherapy response.
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