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C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4-directed PET signal in the arterial tree is not consistently linked to calcified plaque burden and cardiovascular risk.
Theranostics
January 2025
Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
To establish the extent, distribution and frequency of in-vivo vessel wall [Ga]Ga-PentixaFor uptake and to determine its relationship with calcified atherosclerotic plaque burden (CAP) and cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF). 65 oncological patients undergoing [Ga]Ga-PentixaFor PET/CT were assessed. Radiotracer uptake (target-to-background ratio [TBR]) and CAP burden (including number of CAP sites, calcification circumference and thickness) in seven major vessel segments per patient were determined.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCOVID-19 Exacerbates Neurovascular Uncoupling and Contributes to Endothelial Dysfunction in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment.
Biomolecules
December 2024
Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences, Oklahoma City, OK 73117, USA.
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) affects nearly 20% of older adults worldwide, with no targetable interventions for prevention. COVID-19 adversely affects cognition, with >70% of older adults with Long COVID presenting with cognitive complaints. Neurovascular coupling (NVC), an essential mechanism of cognitive function, declines with aging and is further attenuated in neurocognitive disorders.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTreatment with Sulodexide Downregulates Biomarkers for Endothelial Dysfunction in Convalescent COVID-19 Patients.
Clin Appl Thromb Hemost
January 2025
Hemostasis and Thrombosis Research Laboratories, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois, USA.
Introduction: Persistent elevation of biomarkers associated with endothelial dysfunction in convalescent COVID-19 patients has been linked to an increased risk of long-term cardiovascular complications, including long COVID syndrome. Sulodexide, known for its vascular endothelial affinity, has demonstrated pleiotropic protective properties. This study aims to evaluate the impact of sulodexide on serum levels of endothelial dysfunction biomarkers in patients during the convalescent phase of COVID-19.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSemaglutide restores astrocyte-vascular interactions and blood-brain barrier integrity in a model of diet-induced metabolic syndrome.
Diabetol Metab Syndr
January 2025
Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation-Fiocruz, Campus Maré. Centro de Pesquisa, Inovação e Vigilância em Covid-19 e Emergências Sanitárias. Endereço: Av. Brasil, 4036-Bloco 2. Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP 21040-361, Brazil.
Introduction: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a metabolic disorder related to obesity and insulin resistance and is the primary determinant of the development of low-intensity chronic inflammation. This continuous inflammatory response culminates in neuroimmune-endocrine dysregulation responsible for the metabolic abnormalities and morbidities observed in individuals with MetS. Events such as the accumulation of visceral adipose tissue, increased plasma concentrations of free fatty acids, tissue hypoxia, and sympathetic hyperactivity in individuals with MetS may contribute to the activation of the innate immune response, which compromises cerebral microcirculation and the neurovascular unit, leading to the onset or progression of neurodegenerative diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSARS-CoV-2 infection of human pluripotent stem cell-derived vascular cells reveals smooth muscle cells as key mediators of vascular pathology during infection.
Nat Commun
December 2024
Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.
Although respiratory symptoms are the most prevalent disease manifestation of infection by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), nearly 20% of hospitalized patients are at risk for thromboembolic events. This prothrombotic state is considered a key factor in the increased risk of stroke, which is observed clinically during both acute infection and long after symptoms clear. Here, we develop a model of SARS-CoV-2 infection using human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived endothelial cells (ECs), pericytes (PCs), and smooth muscle cells (SMCs) to recapitulate the vascular pathology associated with SARS-CoV-2 exposure.
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