Complications and outcome following staphylectomy and folded flap palatoplasty in dogs with brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome.

Objective: To compare the prevalence of pre-, intra-, and postoperative variables and complications associated with staphylectomy (S) and folded flap palatoplasty (FFP).

Study Design: Retrospective study.

Sample Population: Client-owned dogs (n = 124).

Methods: Medical records of S and FFP dogs from a veterinary teaching hospital were reviewed between July 2012 and December 2019. Signalment, clinical pre-, intra-, and postoperative data were collected and reviewed. Median (interquartile range) was reported.

Results: A total of 124 dogs among 14 breeds underwent surgical treatment for an elongated soft palate with either a S (n = 64) or FFP (60). FFP dogs without concurrent non-airway procedures were associated with longer duration of surgery (p = .02; n = 63; S, median = 51 min [34-85]; FFP, median = 75 min [56.25-94.5]) and anesthesia (p = .02; n = 63; S, median = 80 min [66-125]; FFP, median = 111 min [91-140.8]). Neither soft palate surgery was associated with the occurrence of anesthetic complications (p = .30; 99/120; S, 49; FFP, 50), postoperative regurgitation (p = .18; 27/124; S, 17; FFP, 10), or with hospitalization duration (p = .94; n = 124; S, median = 1 day [1]; FFP, median = 1 [1]). Postoperative aspiration pneumonia (9/124; S, 4; FFP, 5) and major complications were rare (5/124; S, 3; FFP, 2).

Conclusion: S and FFP had similar anesthetic and perioperative complications, although FFP dogs had longer anesthetic and operative times.

Clinical Significance: Although FFP took longer, no other clinically significant differences were appreciated between S and FFP procedures. Because of limitations inherent in study design, surgeons should continue to use clinical judgment when deciding on a procedure.