Rats emit ultrasonic vocalizations (USV). During aversive situations, rats emit 22-kHz USV, which are considered "alarm calls" and supposed to reflect a negative affective state of the sender. During appetitive situations, rats emit 50-kHz USV, which are believed to reflect a positive affective state. Here, we recorded USV emission in adult male rats during the acoustic startle response test. Our results indicate varied USV emission in both the 22- and 50-kHz USV ranges. Enhanced startle responses were observed in rats with a predominant 22-kHz call profile, supporting the notion that 22-kHz USV emission is associated with a negative affective state.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2023.114290 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Male rats emit aversive 44-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations during prolonged Pavlovian fear conditioning.
Elife
December 2024
Behavior and Metabolism Research Laboratory, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
Rats are believed to communicate their emotional state by emitting two distinct types of ultrasonic vocalizations. The first is long '22-kHz' vocalizations (>300 ms, <32-kHz) with constant frequency, signaling aversive states, and the second is short '50-kHz' calls (<150 ms, >32 kHz), often frequency-modulated, in appetitive situations. Here, we describe aversive vocalizations emitted at a higher pitch by male Wistar and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) in an intensified aversive state - prolonged fear conditioning.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSynthesis of Eucommia ulmoides-derived carbon dots for anti-inflammatory and accelerated wound healing.
Int Immunopharmacol
December 2024
Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China; Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China. Electronic address:
Inflammation affects the pathology of wound healing and is strongly associated with many chronic wounds that do not heal. Natural herbs with anti-inflammatory effects have received much attention in clinical treatment because they are inexpensive, readily available, safe, and effective. In this study, EUO-NAC-CDs were prepared using a hydrothermal method in which Eucommia ulmoides (EUO) and n-acetylcysteine (NAC) were used as carbon sources.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFResurgence in a discrete-trial procedure in rats.
J Exp Anal Behav
November 2024
Department of Psychology, Keio University, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
Resurgence is a transient recovery of a previously extinguished target response following a worsening of reinforcement conditions for an alternative response. Laboratory studies with nonhuman animals typically assess resurgence in free-operant situations where subjects can freely emit responses. The purpose of the current study was to investigate whether resurgence would be observed in a discrete-trial procedure where only a single response could occur in each trial, using rats as subjects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBehavioural response of female Lewis rats toward 31-kHz ultrasonic calls.
Behav Processes
November 2024
Division of Brain and Neurophysiology, Department of Physiology, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Japan.
Rodent ultrasonic vocalisations can be used to assess social behaviour and have attracted increasing attention. Rats emit 50-kHz and 22-kHz calls during appetitive and aversive states, respectively. These calls induce behavioural and neural responses in the receiver by transmitting the internal states of the rats, thus serving communicative functions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInhalable tobramycin EEG powder formulation for treating Pseudomonas aeruginosa-induced lung infection.
Int J Pharm
September 2024
Department of Pharmaceutics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Massey Cancer Center, Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, and Institute for Structural Biology, Drug Discovery & Development (ISB3D), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA. Electronic address:
Pulmonary delivery of antibiotics is an effective strategy in treating bacterial lung infection for cystic fibrosis patients, by achieving high local drug concentrations and reducing overall systemic exposure compared to systemic administration. However, the inherent anatomical lung defense mechanisms, formulation characteristics, and drug-device combination determine the treatment efficacy of the aerosol delivery approach. In this study, we prepared a new tobramycin (Tobi) dry powder aerosol using excipient enhanced growth (EEG) technology and evaluated the in vitro and in vivo aerosol performance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!