Raptor levels are critical for β-cell adaptation to a high-fat diet in male mice.

Mol Metab

Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA; Miami VA Health Care System, Miami, FL, USA. Electronic address:

Published: September 2023

Objective: The essential role of raptor/mTORC1 signaling in β-cell survival and insulin processing has been recently demonstrated using raptor knock-out models. Our aim was to evaluate the role of mTORC1 function in adaptation of β-cells to insulin resistant state.

Method: Here, we use mice with heterozygous deletion of raptor in β-cells (βra) to assess whether reduced mTORC1 function is critical for β-cell function in normal conditions or during β-cell adaptation to high-fat diet (HFD).

Results: Deletion of a raptor allele in β-cells showed no differences at the metabolic level, islets morphology, or β-cell function in mice fed regular chow. Surprisingly, deletion of only one allele of raptor increases apoptosis without altering proliferation rate and is sufficient to impair insulin secretion when fed a HFD. This is accompanied by reduced levels of critical β-cell genes like Ins1, MafA, Ucn3, Glut2, Glp1r, and specially PDX1 suggesting an improper β-cell adaptation to HFD.

Conclusion: This study identifies that raptor levels play a key role in maintaining PDX1 levels and β-cell function during the adaptation of β-cell to HFD. Finally, we identified that Raptor levels regulate PDX1 levels and β-cell function during β-cell adaptation to HFD by reduction of the mTORC1-mediated negative feedback and activation of the AKT/FOXA2/PDX1 axis. We suggest that Raptor levels are critical to maintaining PDX1 levels and β-cell function in conditions of insulin resistance in male mice.

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10391668PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molmet.2023.101769DOI Listing

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