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Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation ameliorates cardiac abnormalities in chronically stressed rats. | LitMetric

Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation ameliorates cardiac abnormalities in chronically stressed rats.

Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, (A Central University), Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, U.P., 226025, India.

Published: January 2024

AI Article Synopsis

  • People who are really stressed can have problems with their hearts because of changes in their body.
  • A study was done with rats that experienced stress for a long time to see if a special kind of treatment called taVNS could help their hearts feel better.
  • After 2 weeks of taVNS treatment, the stressed rats showed improvements in their heart health, suggesting that this method could help others with heart issues related to stress.

Article Abstract

Chronically stressed patients often have low vagal tone and increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines, which increase their risk for developing cardiac dysfunction. Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) is a way to activate the parasympathetic system, which has the ability to reduce inflammation and antagonize excessive sympathetic responses. However, the effectiveness of taVNS in treating cardiac dysfunction caused by chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) has not been studied. To investigate this, we first validated a rat model of CUS, in which the rats were exposed to random stressors daily for 8 weeks. Post CUS, the rats were treated with taVNS (1.0 ms, 6 V, 6 Hz, for 40 min × 2 weeks, alternatively) and their cardiac function and cholinergic flow were evaluated. Furthermore, serum cardiac troponin I (cTnI), cardiac caspase-3, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 expression in rats were also assessed. The chronically stressed rats showed depressed behavior with increased levels of serum corticosterone and proinflammatory cytokines. Electrocardiogram (ECG) and heart rate variability (HRV) studies revealed elevated heart rate, diminished vagal tone, and altered sinus rhythm in CUS rats. Furthermore, the CUS rats demonstrated cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis with increased caspase-3, iNOS, and TGF-β expression in their myocardium and increased levels of serum cTnI. Interestingly, alternate taVNS therapy for 2 weeks, post CUS, helped alleviate these cardiac abnormalities. These suggest that taVNS could be a useful adjunctive and non-pharmacological approach for managing CUS induced cardiac dysfunction.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00210-023-02611-5DOI Listing

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