Nitrate (NO) is a major component of atmospheric fine particles. Recent studies in eastern China have shown the increasing trend of NO in contrast to the ongoing control of nitrogen oxide (NO). Here, we elucidate the effects of reduced sulfur dioxide (SO) on the enhancement of NO formation based on field measurements at the summit of Mt. Tai (1534 m a.s.l.) and present detailed modelling analyses. From 2007 to 2018, the measured springtime concentrations of various primary pollutants and fine sulfate (SO) decreased sharply (-16.4 % to -89.7 %), whereas fine NO concentration increased by 22.8 %. The elevated NO levels cannot be explained by the changes in meteorological conditions or other related parameters but were primarily attributed to the considerable reduction in SO concentrations (-73.4 %). Results from a multi-phase chemical box model indicated that the reduced SO levels decreased the aerosol acidity and prompted the partitioning of HNO into the aerosol phase. WRF-Chem model analyses suggest that such a negative effect is a regional phenomenon throughout the planetary boundary layer over eastern China in spring. This study provides new insights into the worsening situation of NO aerosol pollution and has important implications for controlling haze pollution in China.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165303 | DOI Listing |
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