A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: fopen(/var/lib/php/sessions/ci_sessiong13ckndnsvepcgs4rei1kfhsnovmude5): Failed to open stream: No space left on device

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 177

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: session_start(): Failed to read session data: user (path: /var/lib/php/sessions)

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 137

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Undefined array key "choices"

Filename: controllers/Detail.php

Line Number: 249

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 249
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null

Filename: controllers/Detail.php

Line Number: 249

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 249
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null

Filename: controllers/Detail.php

Line Number: 249

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 249
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null

Filename: controllers/Detail.php

Line Number: 249

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 249
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: strpos(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($haystack) of type string is deprecated

Filename: models/Detail_model.php

Line Number: 71

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/models/Detail_model.php
Line: 71
Function: strpos

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 252
Function: insertAPISummary

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated

Filename: helpers/my_audit_helper.php

Line Number: 8919

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 8919
Function: str_replace

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 255
Function: formatAIDetailSummary

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Undefined array key "choices"

Filename: controllers/Detail.php

Line Number: 256

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 256
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null

Filename: controllers/Detail.php

Line Number: 256

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 256
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null

Filename: controllers/Detail.php

Line Number: 256

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 256
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Undefined array key "usage"

Filename: controllers/Detail.php

Line Number: 257

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 257
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null

Filename: controllers/Detail.php

Line Number: 257

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 257
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Undefined array key "usage"

Filename: controllers/Detail.php

Line Number: 258

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 258
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null

Filename: controllers/Detail.php

Line Number: 258

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 258
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Undefined array key "usage"

Filename: controllers/Detail.php

Line Number: 259

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 259
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null

Filename: controllers/Detail.php

Line Number: 259

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 259
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Undefined array key "usage"

Filename: controllers/Detail.php

Line Number: 260

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 260
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null

Filename: controllers/Detail.php

Line Number: 260

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 260
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null

Filename: controllers/Detail.php

Line Number: 260

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 260
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

Circulating levels of all proglucagon-derived peptides are differentially regulated postprandially by obesity status and in response to high-fat meals vs. high-carbohydrate meals. | LitMetric

Circulating levels of all proglucagon-derived peptides are differentially regulated postprandially by obesity status and in response to high-fat meals vs. high-carbohydrate meals.

Clin Nutr

Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Boston VA Healthcare System and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA. Electronic address:

Published: August 2023

AI Article Synopsis

Article Abstract

Background & Aims: We measured all proglucagon-derived peptides (PGDPs) levels in response to administration of three mixed meal tolerance tests (MMTs), examining differences in postprandial PGDP responses in subjects with leanness and obesity or between high-fat vs. high carbohydrate meals.

Methods: We designed three physiology interventional studies, administering MMTs over a 180-min period to individuals without diabetes after an overnight fast. In Study 1, a 450 kcal MMT was administered to n = 4 normal weight and n = 9 individuals with obesity. In Study 2, a 600 kcal high-fat MMT was administered to n = 15 normal-weight and n = 15 individuals with obesity. In Study 3, n = 32 participants with obesity were assigned to receive a 600-kcal high-fat (n = 15) or an isocaloric high-carbohydrate MMT (n = 17). Fasting and postprandial levels of c-peptide and PGDPs (proglucagon, GLP-1, GLP-2, glicentin, oxyntomodulin, glucagon, major proglucagon fragment [MPGF]) were assessed.

Results: In study 1, individuals with normal weight displayed elevated glicentin postprandial secretion compared with people with obesity (p = 0.002). Following a high-fat MMT with 33% higher energy content in study 2, all postprandial PGDPs levels were elevated (p-time<0.001), irrespective of weight status. In study 3, a prolonged postprandial upregulation of PGDPs during the high-fat MMT was observed in contrast with the acute, short-term (max 60 min) PGDP responses to a high-carbohydrate MMT (p-time∗meal<0.001). Across both studies 2 and 3, the postprandial responses of glucagon and MPGF were higher in subjects with male sex whereas glicentin was higher in subjects with female sex.

Conclusions: Fat and carbohydrate content of a meal can substantially affect the postprandial levels of PGDPs. Circulating levels of PGDPs are influenced by the energy content of the meal, and additionally, the presence of leanness or obesity affects circulating levels of select PGDPs. These results, which are to be confirmed by additional studies, expand our understanding of PGDP physiology in leanness and obesity.

Clinicaltrials: GOV REGISTRATION NUMBERS: (NCT04170010, NCT04430946, NCT04575194).

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2023.06.026DOI Listing

Publication Analysis

Top Keywords

proglucagon-derived peptides
8
pgdps levels
8
mmt administered
8
normal weight
8
individuals obesity
8
obesity study
8
high-fat mmt
8
obesity
6
high-fat
5
study
5

Similar Publications

Human subjects with impaired beta-cell function and glucose tolerance have higher levels of intra-islet intact GLP-1.

Metabolism

December 2024

Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. Electronic address:

Aims: A number of studies have suggested that pancreatic α cells produce intact GLP-1, thereby constituting a gut-independent paracrine incretin system. However, the debate on whether human α cells contain intact GLP-1 and whether this relates to the presence of diabetes is still ongoing. This study aimed to determine the presence of proglucagon-derived peptides, including GLP-1 isoforms, in pancreas biopsies obtained during partial pancreatectomy from metabolically profiled human donors, stratified according to pre-surgery glucose tolerance.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background & Aims: The ingestion of macronutrients triggers the release of several incretin peptides from the gastrointestinal system, which have both insulinotropic and satiety-inducing properties. The effect of the meal's macronutrient content on the secretion of these peptides has not been adequately studied, particularly concerning the secretion of the newly characterized proglucagon-derived peptides (PGDPs). We aimed to examine the effect of a meal's macronutrient content, specifically its protein versus carbohydrate content, on postprandial PGDPs responses in healthy men.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Proglucagon-derived peptides (PDGPs) like glucagon and GLP-1 play a role in managing lipid metabolism in various body tissues, but their specific function in high-fat diet (HFD) scenarios is not fully clear.
  • In this study, researchers compared PGDP-deficient mice (GCGKO) to control mice after both were fed an HFD for 7 days, focusing on differences in lipid metabolism in the liver, adipose tissue, and intestine.
  • Results showed that GCGKO mice had lower levels of genes involved in fat oxidation, reduced fatty acids and triglyceride content in the liver and fat tissue, and increased fecal cholesterol, suggesting that lacking PGDP may protect against developing fatty
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: With the prevalence of diabetes reaching an epidemic level, there is a growing interest in the investigation of its remission. Proglucagon-derived peptides (PGDP) have been shown to have a glucose-regulating effect. However, whether they play a role in diabetes remission remains poorly understood.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Aims/introduction: Imeglimin is a recently approved oral antidiabetic agent that improves insulin resistance, and promotes insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells. Here, we investigated the effects of imeglimin on glucagon secretion from pancreatic α-cells.

Materials And Methods: Experiments were carried out in high-fat, high-sucrose diet-fed mice.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?

Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!