Ionizing radiation is frequently used to treat solid tumors, as it causes DNA damage and kill cancer cells. However, damaged DNA is repaired involving poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) causing resistance to radiation therapy. Thus, PARP-1 represents an important target in multiple cancer types, including prostate cancer. PARP is a nuclear enzyme essential for single-strand DNA breaks repair. Inhibiting PARP-1 is lethal in a wide range of cancer cells that lack the homologous recombination repair (HR) pathway. This article provides a concise and simplified overview of the development of PARP inhibitors in the laboratory and their clinical applications. We focused on the use of PARP inhibitors in various cancers, including prostate cancer. We also discussed some of the underlying principles and challenges that may affect the clinical efficacy of PARP inhibitors.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10319588 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.32604/or.2023.028310 | DOI Listing |
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Article Synopsis
- Ovarian cancer patients with Homologous Recombination Deficiency (HRD) may benefit from PARP inhibitor therapy after platinum chemotherapy, and predicting this benefit through whole slide images (WSIs) could provide a quicker and less costly alternative to molecular tests.
- A Deep Learning (DL) model was trained on H&E stained WSIs using a specific HRD ground truth, and it was tested on a separate cohort to see how well it predicted HRD status and the benefit of olaparib treatment.
- Although the model showed potential, with a significant improvement in progression-free survival (PFS) for HRD positive patients treated with PARP inhibitors, its overall prediction accuracy was lower than desired, indicating that further
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