AI Article Synopsis
- Cetaceans, like beluga whales, could serve as indicators of environmental changes in marine ecosystems, but most data focuses only on recent decades without historical context.
- By analyzing historical specimens from the 1800s and 1900s, researchers found that belugas had a wider range of dietary options and specialized diets in the 1800s compared to the 1900s.
- The reasons for the dietary shift are unclear, possibly linked to changes in prey availability or competition, emphasizing the need for ongoing research on these vulnerable species due to climate change.
Article Abstract
Cetaceans have shown a potential to be used as sentinel species for tracking environmental change in marine ecosystems, yet our assessment of change is typically limited to recent decades and lacks ecological baselines. Using historical museum specimens, we compared community niche metrics and degree of individual dietary specialization in groups of Pacific Arctic beluga () from the 1800s ( = 5) to 1900s ( = 10) using stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes drilled from teeth. Beluga occupied a broader trophic niche and demonstrated a higher degree of individual specialization in the 1800s than in the 1900s. The cause of this shift is difficult to confirm given long timescales and constraints of specimen-based research but could indicate changes in the prey base or competition. The scale and nature of this detected shift provide perspective for continued research on these climate-vulnerable species.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10318618 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.10230 | DOI Listing |
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