Relative efficacy and safety of several regional analgesic techniques following thoracic surgery: a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: This network meta-analysis was performed to assess the relative efficacy and safety of various regional analgesic techniques used in thoracic surgery.

Materialsand Methods: Randomized controlled trials evaluating different regional analgesic methods were retrieved from databases, including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library, from inception to March 2021. The surface under the cumulative ranking curve) was estimated to rank the therapies based on the Bayesian theorem. Moreover, sensitivity and subgroup analyses were performed on the primary outcomes to obtain more reliable conclusions.

Results: Fifty-four trials (3360 patients) containing six different methods were included. Thoracic paravertebral block and erector spinae plane block (ESPB) were ranked the highest in reducing postoperative pain. As for total adverse reactions and postoperative nausea and vomiting, postoperative complications, and duration of hospitalization, ESPB was found to be superior to other methods. It should be noted that there were few differences between various methods for all outcomes.

Conclusions: Available evidence suggests that ESPB might be the most effective and safest method for relieving pain after thoracic surgery, shortening the length of hospital stay and reducing the incidence of postoperative complications.