• Most AVFs present with a continuous murmur with radiation to the back. • There is little evidence to guide management of thoracic AVF. • Management options include surgical repair, embolization, or conservative management. • Conservative management is a reasonable approach in asymptomatic patients.
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Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10307585 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.case.2023.02.006 | DOI Listing |
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