AI Article Synopsis
- The study examines how the presence of the APOEɛ4 gene affects the distribution of tau and amyloid proteins in early-onset (EOAD) and late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) patients.
- Using 3T MRI and PET scans, researchers found that EOAD patients without the APOEɛ4 allele had more tau retention in association cortices, while those with the allele had more retention in medial temporal areas, indicating different patterns based on genotype and age of onset.
- Overall, findings highlight the complex relationship between tau and amyloid influenced by APOEɛ4 status, suggesting that these patterns could affect cognitive outcomes differently in EOAD and LOAD patients.
Article Abstract
Background: Little is known regarding the differential effects of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) ɛ4 on the regional topography of amyloid and tau in patients with both early-onset (EOAD) and late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD).
Objective: To compare the distribution and association of tau, amyloid, and cortical thickness among groups classified by the presence of APOEɛ4 allele and onset age.
Methods: A total of 165 participants including 54 EOAD patients (29 ɛ4-; 25 ɛ4+), 45 LOAD patients (21 ɛ4-; 24 ɛ4+), and 66 age-matched controls underwent 3T MRI, 18F-THK5351 (THK) and 18F-flutemetamol (FLUTE) PET scans, APOE genotyping, and neuropsychological tests. Data for voxel-wise and standardized uptake values from PET scans were analyzed in the context of APOE and age at onset.
Results: EOAD ɛ4- patients showed greater THK retention in the association cortices, whereas their EOAD ɛ4+ counterparts had more retention in medial temporal areas. THK topography of LOAD ɛ4+ was similar to EOAD ɛ4 + . THK correlated positively with FLUTE and conversely with mean cortical thickness, being lowest in EOAD ɛ4-, highest in LOAD ɛ4-, and modest in ɛ4+ groups. Even in the APOEɛ4+ groups, THK tended to correlate with FLUTE and mean cortical thickness in the inferior parietal region in EOAD and in the medial temporal region in LOAD. LOAD ɛ4- manifested with prevalent small vessel disease markers and the lowest correlation between THK retention and cognition.
Conclusion: Our observations suggest the differential effects of the APOEɛ4 on the relationship between tau and amyloid in EOAD and LOAD.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/JAD-230339 | DOI Listing |
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