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Impaired Seroconversion After Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 mRNA Vaccine in Patients With Thymic Epithelial Tumors. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Thymic epithelial tumors (TETs) are rare cancers that affect the immune system, and this study investigates how patients with TET respond to the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine after two doses.
  • The study involved 39 patients, analyzing their antibody levels before and after vaccination, revealing that all had negative antibody levels before vaccination, with differences in seroconversion based on their disease status.
  • Results indicated that patients with evidence of disease (ED) had a significantly lower chance of generating an immune response compared to those with no evidence of disease, highlighting the impact of their existing health conditions on vaccine effectiveness.

Article Abstract

Introduction: Thymic epithelial tumors (TETs) are rare malignancies associated with dysregulation of the immune system and humoral- and cell-mediated immunity abnormalities. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) mRNA vaccine is effective in preventing coronavirus disease 2019 morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the seroconversion in patients with TET after two doses of mRNA vaccine.

Methods: This is a prospective study in which consecutive patients with TET were enrolled before receiving the first dose of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine (BNT162b2 by Pfizer-BioNTech). SARS-CoV-2 spike-binding immunoglobulin (Ig)G antibody serologic levels were analyzed at different time points, including before first vaccine dose (T0), 1 month after the second dose (T2), and 3 months after the second dose (T3).

Results: Overall, 39 patients were included in the analysis. All patients had negative antibody titer results at T0. There were 19 patients (48.7%) in the follow-up with no residual tumor lesion/s (referred as no evidence of disease), and 20 (51.3%) had evidence of disease (ED) and were receiving systemic treatment. Dysregulations of the immune system were diagnosed in 29 patients (74.4%) with Good syndrome (GS) being the most frequent immune disorder (48.7%). At univariate analysis, lack of seroconversion at T2 was significantly associated with ED (p < 0.001) and with GS (p = 0.043). A significant association with impaired seroconversion was confirmed at multivariate analysis for ED (p = 0.00101) but not for GS (p = 0.625).

Conclusions: Our data revealed that patients with TET with ED had substantially higher probability of impaired seroconversion after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine as compared with patients with no evidence of disease.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10303630PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtho.2023.06.015DOI Listing

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