We present an ontology design pattern for modeling scientific experiments and examinations conducted in a clinical research study. Integrating heterogeneous data into a common ontological model is a challenge, redoubled if we want them to be explored later. In order to facilitate the development of dedicated ontological modules, this design pattern relies on invariants, is centered on the event of the experiment, and keeps the link to the original data.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/SHTI230456 | DOI Listing |
Biomater Adv
January 2025
Chair of Functional Materials, Department of Materials Science, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
Antimicrobial surfaces are a promising approach to reduce the spread of pathogenic microorganisms in various critical environments. To achieve high antimicrobial functionality, it is essential to consider the material-specific bactericidal mode of action in conjunction with bacterial surface interactions. This study investigates the effect of altered contact conditions on the antimicrobial efficiency of Cu surfaces against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJMIR Serious Games
January 2025
Department of Interactive Visualization and Virtual Reality, Faculty of Engineering, University of Talca, Talca, Chile.
Background: Serious games play a fundamental role in promoting safe sexual behaviors. This medium has great potential for promoting healthy behaviors that prevent potential risk factors, such as sexually transmitted infections, and promote adherence to sexual health treatments, such as antiretroviral therapy. The ubiquity of mobile devices enhances access to such tools, increasing the effectiveness of video games as agents of change.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCad Saude Publica
January 2025
Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.
This study aimed to identify latent (unobservable) dimensions representing specific physical activity-related behaviors and explore their potential effects on obesity burden and spatial distribution in Colombia. A cross-sectional study (n = 9,658) was conducted based on the Colombian National Survey of Nutritional Status. A generalized structural equations model was proposed, combining exposure and measurement models to define a disease model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Bras Pneumol
January 2025
. EPIUnit, Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
Objective: The demanding nature and psychosocial burdens of directly observed treatment (DOT) have opened a path to alternative strategies such as video-observed therapy (VOT), which offers comparable treatment outcomes and patient satisfaction while potentially saving time and reducing costs. The objective of this study was to evaluate the perceptions and experiences of patients and health care professionals regarding DOT and other treatment strategies implemented in Portugal.
Methods: Patients with a confirmed diagnosis of tuberculosis, treated at the Vila Nova de Gaia Outpatient Tuberculosis Centre in the last two years, were asked to complete a brief questionnaire, as were health care professionals working in the northern region of Portugal.
Sci Adv
January 2025
Department of Political Science, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA.
In this paper, we examine whether mayors' partisan affiliations lead to differences in crime and policing. We use a large new dataset on mayoral elections and three different modern causal inference research designs (a regression discontinuity design centered around close elections and two robust difference-in-differences methods) to determine the causal effect of mayoral partisanship on crime, arrests, and racial differences in arrest patterns in medium and large US cities. We find no evidence that mayoral partisanship affects police employment or expenditures, police force or leadership demographics, overall crime rates, or numbers of arrests.
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