The addition of protonating acids to e-cigarette liquid formulations (e-liquids) enhances nicotine bioavailability in e-cigarette use. However, little is known about the impact of different combinations of protonating acid on nicotine pharmacokinetics. The objectives of this study were to compare pharmacokinetics of nicotine absorption following use of a closed-system e-cigarette, containing e-liquids with two different nicotine levels and with different ratios of three common protonating acids-lactic, benzoic and levulinic. In a randomised, controlled, crossover study, nicotine pharmacokinetics and product liking were assessed for prototype e-liquids used in a Vuse e-cigarette containing either 3.5% or 5% nicotine and varying ratios of lactic, benzoic and/or levulinic acid. During an 8-day confinement period, 32 healthy adult current cigarette smokers/e-cigarette dual users used a single study e-liquid each day during 10-min fixed and ad libitum use periods after overnight nicotine abstinence. For most comparisons, C and AUC following both fixed and ad libitum puffing were significantly higher for e-liquids containing 5% nicotine compared with 3.5% nicotine. However, C and AUC were not statistically different for 5% nicotine e-liquids containing varying ratios of lactic, levulinic and benzoic acid when compared to an e-liquid containing lactic acid only. Mean scores for product liking were similar for all e-liquid formulations assessed, regardless of nicotine concentration, acid content, and whether the product was used in a fixed or ad libitum puffing regimen. While e-liquid nicotine concentration significantly affected users' nicotine uptake, the different combinations of benzoic, levulinic and lactic acid in the e-liquids assessed had limited impact on nicotine pharmacokinetics and product liking scores.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-37539-6 | DOI Listing |
Drug Chem Toxicol
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Beijing Life Science Academy, Beijing, China.
The absorption of nicotine from smokeless tobacco products (STPs) in humans is affected by various factors, including nicotine content, flavoring compounds, cutting format, tobacco cut sizes, and pH. In this study, participants were asked to use STP 1 for a specific period, after which the nicotine content was measured before and after use to determine the release rate using the . Blood samples were collected from participants after 30 min of using STP 1 to assess nicotine pharmacokinetics.
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FP Essent
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Department of Clinical Sciences - Tilman J. Fertitta Family College of Medicine, University of Houston, Houston, TX.
The number one cause of preventable disease, disability, and death in the United States is tobacco use. According to data from the National Health Interview Survey, 18.7% of US adults (46 million people) currently use a tobacco product.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChemosphere
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Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China. Electronic address:
Tobacco alkaloids in tobacco-cultivated soils pose potential risks for succeeding crops, due to their allelopathy and toxicity. Effects of biochar on the dissipation of tobacco alkaloids in soil-crop systems remain poorly understood. In this study, a 40-day pot experiment was conducted to explore the effect of cow dung biochar (CDBC) and maize straw biochar (MSBC) on the uptake of nicotine and nornicotine by pea (Pisum sativum L.
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