AI Article Synopsis
- Emodin, a drug used in tumor therapies, has limitations due to its low solubility, prompting researchers to create hybrid membrane-coated nanoparticles for better delivery.
- By fusing erythrocyte and macrophage membranes, they developed a new nanoparticle (EG@EMHM NPs) that successfully increased emodin's solubility and showed an impressive encapsulation efficiency of over 98%.
- The study demonstrated that these nanoparticles significantly enhance emodin's antitumor effects on melanoma cells through photodynamic therapy and apoptosis pathways, suggesting promising applications for treating other conditions involving poorly soluble traditional medicines.
Article Abstract
Emodin is applied as an antitumor drug in many tumor therapies. However, its pharmacology performances are limited due to its low solubility. Herein, we fused erythrocyte and macrophage to form a hybrid membrane (EMHM) and encapsulated emodin to form hybrid membrane-coated nanoparticles. We employed glycyrrhizin to increase the solubility of emodin first and prepared the hybrid membrane nanoparticle-coated emodin and glycyrrhizin (EG@EMHM NPs) which exhibited an average particle size of 170 ± 20 nm and encapsulation efficiency of 98.13 ± 0.67%. The half-inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of EG@EMHM NPs were 1.166 μg/mL, which is half of the free emodin. Based on the photosensitivity of emodin, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) results disclosed that ROS levels of the photodynamic therapy (PDT) section were higher than the normal section (P < 0.05). Compared to the normal section, PDT-mediated EG@EMHM NPs could induce an early stage of apoptosis of B16. The western blot and flow cytometry results verified that PDT-mediated EG@EMHM NPs can significantly improve the solubility of emodin and perform a remarkably antitumor effect on melanoma via BAX and BCL-2 pathway. The application of the combined chemical and PDT therapy could provide an improving target therapy for cutaneous melanoma and also may offer an idea for other insoluble components sources of traditional Chinese medicine. Schematic of EG@EMHM NPs formulation.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1208/s12249-023-02594-9 | DOI Listing |
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Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Centre for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China.
Article Synopsis
- Emodin, a drug used in tumor therapies, has limitations due to its low solubility, prompting researchers to create hybrid membrane-coated nanoparticles for better delivery.
- By fusing erythrocyte and macrophage membranes, they developed a new nanoparticle (EG@EMHM NPs) that successfully increased emodin's solubility and showed an impressive encapsulation efficiency of over 98%.
- The study demonstrated that these nanoparticles significantly enhance emodin's antitumor effects on melanoma cells through photodynamic therapy and apoptosis pathways, suggesting promising applications for treating other conditions involving poorly soluble traditional medicines.
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