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Haplotype-Based Approach Represents Locus Specificity in the Genomic Diversification Process in Humans ().
Genes (Basel)
November 2024
Center for Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake 470-1192, Aichi, Japan.
Background/objectives: Recent progress in evolutionary genomics on human () populations has revealed complex demographic events and genomic changes. These include population expansion with complicated migration, substantial population structure, and ancient introgression from other hominins, as well as human characteristics selections. Nevertheless, the genomic regions in which such evolutionary events took place have remained unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFModern humans arrived in Europe more than 45,000 years ago, overlapping at least 5,000 years with Neanderthals. Limited genomic data from these early modern humans have shown that at least two genetically distinct groups inhabited Europe, represented by Zlatý kůň, Czechia and Bacho Kiro, Bulgaria. Here we deepen our understanding of early modern humans by analyzing one high-coverage genome and five low-coverage genomes from ~45,000 year-old remains from Ilsenhöhle in Ranis, Germany, and a further high-coverage genome from Zlatý kůň.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF: a comprehensive review.
J Oral Microbiol
November 2024
Aix-Marseille Université, Microbes Evolution, Phylogénie et Infection (MEPHI), Marseille, France.
Article Synopsis
- The methanogenic archaea have been part of human oral microbiota since the Palaeolithic era and became more prevalent from the 18th century onward.
- Initial isolation of this organism was achieved from dental plaque of healthy individuals, leading to studies focused on improving its laboratory culture methods.
- Current identification techniques, including a specialized RTQ-PCR system, along with next-generation sequencing, have revealed its presence in various oral and extra-oral sites, highlighting its potential role in health and disease.
A history of multiple Denisovan introgression events in modern humans.
Nat Genet
December 2024
Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
The identification of a new hominin group in the Altai mountains called Denisovans was one of the most exciting discoveries in human evolution in the last decade. Unlike Neanderthal remains, the Denisovan fossil record consists of only a finger bone, jawbone, teeth and skull fragments. Leveraging the surviving Denisovan segments in modern human genomes has uncovered evidence of at least three introgression events from distinct Denisovan populations into modern humans in the past.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTuberculosis in Human Bones from 4000 Years Ago, Iran.
Iran J Public Health
September 2024
Organization of Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism, Tehran, Iran.
Background: Tuberculosis is caused by a bacterium called Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which is a contagious and infectious disease; in the first stage, it destroys the lungs and in the next stage other body organs, such as the spine and long bones. This disease is transmitted through an infected person and due to the weakness of the immune system, the infection intensifies. Tuberculosis has two stages: low activity and high activity.
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