AI Article Synopsis
- The study focuses on classifying foodborne pathogens to enhance food safety by analyzing 150 isolates from various sources for virulence, biofilm formation, and antimicrobial resistance using Whole-Genome Sequencing.
- Twenty-eight clonal complex types were identified, including eight novel types that share stress tolerance genes and are all part of a particular genetic lineage, indicating diversity in pathogen characteristics.
- The research also discovered specific virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes tied to clinical isolates, emphasizing the importance of using multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) for effective pathogen tracking in foodborne disease surveillance.
Article Abstract
Precise classification of foodborne pathogen is a necessity in efficient foodborne disease surveillance, outbreak detection, and source tracking throughout the food chain. In this study, a total of 150 isolates from various food products, food processing environments, and clinical sources were investigated for variations in virulence, biofilm formation, and the presence of antimicrobial resistance genes based on their Whole-Genome Sequences. Clonal complex (CC) determination based on Multi-Locus Sequence Typing (MLST) revealed twenty-eight CC-types including eight isolates representing novel CC-types. The eight isolates comprising the novel CC-types share the majority of the known (cold and acid) stress tolerance genes and are all genetic lineage II, serogroup 1/2a-3a. Pan-genome-wide association analysis by Scoary using Fisher's exact test identified eleven genes specifically associated with clinical isolates. Screening for the presence of antimicrobial and virulence genes using the ABRicate tool uncovered variations in the presence of Pathogenicity Islands (LIPIs) and other known virulence genes. Specifically, the distributions of , , , , , LIPI-3, and genes across isolates were found to be significantly CC-dependent while the presence of , , , LIPI-3 was associated with clinical isolates specifically. In addition, Roary-derived phylogenetic grouping based on Antimicrobial-Resistant Genes (AMRs) revealed that the thiol transferase () gene was present in all lineage I isolates, and the presence of the lincomycin resistance ABC-F-type ribosomal protection protein () was also genetic-lineage-dependent. More importantly, the genes found to be specific to CC-type were consistent when a validation analysis was performed with fully assembled, high-quality complete genome sequences ( = 247) extracted from the National Centre for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) microbial genomes database. This work highlights the usefulness of MLST-based CC typing using the Whole-Genome Sequence as a tool in classifying isolates.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10305624 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11061603 | DOI Listing |
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