For a given system observed at time , the past entropy serves as an uncertainty measure about the past life-time of the distribution. We consider a coherent system in which there are components that have all failed at time . To assess the predictability of the life-time of such a system, we use the signature vector to determine the entropy of its past life-time. We explore various analytical results, including expressions, bounds, and order properties, for this measure. Our results provide valuable insight into the predictability of the coherent system's life-time, which may be useful in a number of practical applications.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e25060895 | DOI Listing |
J Occup Environ Hyg
January 2025
Metrology Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Particle filtration efficiency (PFE) is a critical property of face masks, with the most common test methods using sodium chloride as a challenge aerosol. In the absence of bottom-up uncertainty budgets for PFE, interlaboratory comparisons provide an alternative route to robustly quantify the precision and bias of the method. This work presents the results of several interlaboratory comparisons of particle filtration efficiency performed across a network of laboratories.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMed Phys
January 2025
Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA.
Background: Dosimetric commissioning and quality assurance (QA) for linear accelerators (LINACs) present a significant challenge for clinical physicists due to the high measurement workload and stringent precision standards. This challenge is exacerbated for radiosurgery LINACs because of increased measurement uncertainty and more demanding setup accuracy for small-field beams. Optimizing physicists' effort during beam measurements while ensuring the quality of the measured data is crucial for clinical efficiency and patient safety.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Thermophys
January 2024
Material Measurement Laboratory, Applied Chemicals and Materials Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO 80305, USA.
The thermal conductivity of liquid -1,2-dichloroethene (R-1130(E)) was measured at temperatures ranging from 240 K to 340 K and pressures up to 25 MPa using a transient hot-wire instrument. A total of 447 thermal conductivity data points were measured along six isotherms. Each isotherm includes data at nine pressures, which were chosen to be at equal density increments starting at a pressure of 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnergy Fuels
January 2025
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, Washington 99354, United States.
The Co-Optimization of Fuels and Engines (Co-Optima) is a research and development consortia funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, which has engaged partners from national laboratories, universities, and industry to conduct multidisciplinary research at the intersection of biofuels and combustion sciences.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Microbiol
January 2025
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Ecological assembly-the process of ecological community formation through species introductions-has recently seen exciting theoretical advancements across dynamical, informational, and probabilistic approaches. However, these theories often remain inaccessible to non-theoreticians, and they lack a unifying lens. Here, I introduce the assembly graph as an integrative tool to connect these emerging theories.
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