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Exploring emerging pharmacotherapies for type 2 diabetes patients with hypertriglyceridemia.
Expert Opin Pharmacother
January 2025
Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, Taiwan.
Introduction: Atherogenic dyslipidaemia with increased triglycerides, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and increased small dense low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles is a major risk factor contributing to the increased cardiovascular (CV) risk in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). This is regarded as a residual risk after achieving target levels of LDL cholesterol.
Areas Covered: This article reviews the novel therapies to reduce triglycerides in patients with T2D.
Lomitapide: navigating cardiovascular challenges with innovative therapies.
Mol Biol Rep
October 2024
College of Dental Medicine, Lincoln Memorial University, LMU tower, 1705 St. Mary Street, Knoxville, TN, 37917, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Dyslipidemia is a key risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, and current treatments primarily aim to lower LDL cholesterol levels to prevent conditions like atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction.
- Homozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia (HoFH) results from mutations in the LDL receptor, leading to very high LDL cholesterol levels, which often do not respond well to standard statin therapy.
- Lomitapide, a microsomal triglyceride transfer protein inhibitor, has been approved for HoFH treatment; it effectively lowers LDL-C levels without affecting the LDL receptor and has been shown to reduce LDL-C by more than 50% in resistant cases.
Lomitapide for the treatment of paediatric patients with homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia (APH-19): results from the efficacy phase of an open-label, multicentre, phase 3 study.
Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol
December 2024
Amryt Pharmaceuticals, Dublin, Ireland.
Article Synopsis
- Homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia (HoFH) is a rare genetic disorder that causes extremely high LDL cholesterol levels, leading to heart disease at an early age; lomitapide is a medication designed to lower these cholesterol levels in affected adults and is being tested for safety and efficacy in children.
- The APH-19 study involved 43 pediatric patients aged 5-17 years on existing cholesterol treatments; they received varying doses of lomitapide over a 24-week period to measure its effect on LDL cholesterol levels and other lipid parameters.
- Results indicated a significant decrease in LDL cholesterol by 53.5% after 24 weeks of treatment, suggesting lomitapide may be effective for managing cholesterol
An 8-SNP LDL Cholesterol Polygenic Score: Associations with Cardiovascular Risk Traits, Familial Hypercholesterolemia Phenotype, and Premature Coronary Heart Disease in Central Romania.
Int J Mol Sci
September 2024
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania.
Article Synopsis
- Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a major genetic risk factor for coronary heart disease, with this study focusing on the less understood polygenic form instead of the more commonly addressed monogenic type.
- The research involved analyzing an 8-SNP LDLC polygenic score in a Romanian cohort of 125 patients with premature coronary heart disease (PCHD) and 97 healthy controls, finding significant correlations between the polygenic score and various health metrics like low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (LDLC) and body mass index (BMI).
- Results showed that individuals with higher polygenic scores were more likely to experience elevated LDLC levels and PCHD, suggesting the potential for better risk prediction and patient stratification
Article Synopsis
- Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a genetic condition that causes high levels of LDL cholesterol, increasing the risk of heart disease.
- Current treatments for FH are limited and not very effective at reducing cholesterol or heart disease risk.
- New nucleic acid therapies, like DNA and RNA-based treatments, show promise in directly addressing the causes of FH and have made progress in clinical applications, offering a potential alternative to traditional medications.
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