Objetivos: El desarrollo sexual anómalo o diferente (DSD) con cariotipo 46,XY incluye anomalías en el desarrollo gonadal y/o genital (externo y/o interno).

Contenido: Los marcadores bioquímicos útiles para el diagnóstico diferencial de los DSD con cariotipo 46,XY incluyen las hormonas del eje hipotálamo-hipófiso gonadal como son las gonadotropinas LH y FSH (en condiciones basales o tras la estimulación con LHRH), la hormona anti-Mülleriana, la inhibina B, el factor insulinoide tipo 3 y las hormonas esteroideas de origen suprarrenal (se incluirá la hormona hipofisaria ACTH) y testicular (cortisol, aldosterona y sus precursores, testosterona y sus precursores, dihidrotestosterona y estradiol). Las hormonas esteroideas se analizarán en condiciones basales o tras la estimulación con ACTH (hormonas adrenales) y/o con HCG (hormonas testiculares). Los patrones de variación de las distintas hormonas dependerán de la causa y la edad de cada paciente. El diagnóstico molecular debe incluir el análisis de un gen candidato, un panel de genes o el análisis de un exoma completo.

Perspectivas: El diagnóstico diferencial de los DSD con cariotipos 46,XX ó 46,XY debe ser multidisciplinar, incluyendo los antecedentes clínicos, morfológicos, de imagen, bioquímicos y genéticos. Se han elaborado numerosos algoritmos diagnósticos.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10197789PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/almed-2020-0120DOI Listing

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