AI Article Synopsis
- DNA methylation plays a key role in regulating gene expression by silencing genes through the methylation of promoter CpG islands and can either increase or decrease expression when associated with enhancers.
- Changes in DNA methylation patterns can offer insights into a variety of factors, including tissue origin, disease risk, patient response, and prognosis in both healthy and diseased cells.
- The text outlines various techniques for analyzing DNA methylation, such as bisulfite conversion, BeadChip microarrays, next-generation sequencing, and region-specific methods like methylation-specific PCR and bisulfite sequencing.
Article Abstract
DNA methylation of promoter CpG islands silences their downstream genes, and enhancer methylation can be associated with decreased or increased gene expression. DNA methylation alterations in normal and diseased cells provide rich information, such as tissue origin, disease risk, patient response, and prognosis. DNA methylation status is detected by bisulfite conversion, which converts unmethylated cytosines into uracils but methylated cytosines very inefficiently. A genome-wide DNA methylation analysis is conducted by a BeadChip microarray or next-generation sequencing (NGS) of bisulfite-treated DNA. A region-specific DNA methylation analysis can be conducted by various methods, such as methylation-specific PCR (MSP), quantitative MSP, and bisulfite sequencing. This chapter provides protocols for bisulfite-mediated conversion, a BeadChip array-based method (Infinium), quantitative MSP, and bisulfite sequencing.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-3331-1_13 | DOI Listing |
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