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Endocardial-to-Epicardial Wenckebach Conduction in the Left Atrium: Implications for 3-Dimensional Re-Entry During Atrial Fibrillation.
JACC Clin Electrophysiol
August 2023
Division of Electrophysiology, Department of Cardiology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA. Electronic address:
Cardiac MR imaging to measure myocardial blood flow response to the cold pressor test in healthy smokers and nonsmokers.
Radiology
January 2014
From the Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre & Leeds Institute of Genetics, Health and Therapeutics (T.A.F., M.M., A.N.M., A.M.L., J.P.G., S.P.), Division of Medical Physics (J.D.B.), and NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit and School of Medicine (A.R.), University of Leeds, Leeds, England.
Purpose: To determine if myocardial perfusion cardiac magnetic resonance (MR) imaging can show changes in myocardial blood flow (MBF) during the cold pressor test (CPT) and can allow identification of the differing endothelial function of smokers and nonsmokers when compared during adenosine stress.
Materials And Methods: The study was approved by the institutional ethics review board and all participants gave informed written consent. Twenty-nine healthy volunteers (19 nonsmokers, 10 smokers; mean age ± standard deviation, 22 years ± 4) underwent 1.
Intramural activation during early human ventricular fibrillation.
Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol
October 2011
The Hull Family Cardiac Fibrillation Management Laboratory, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Background: We investigated patterns of intramural activation in early human ventricular fibrillation (VF) and hypothesized that intramural reentry colocalizes to sites with increased intramural fibrosis.
Methods And Results: Thirteen human Langendorff hearts were used for this study. Twenty-five plunge needles (4 unipoles/needle) were used to map 100 intramural sites.
The transmural activation sequence in porcine and canine left ventricle is markedly different during long-duration ventricular fibrillation.
J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol
December 2007
Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
Background: Humans are more similar in transmural Purkinje and cardiac ion channel distributions to dogs than pigs. The Purkinje network in pigs is transmural but confined to the endocardium in dogs. Little is known about intramural activation during long-duration ventricular fibrillation (LDVF) given these differences.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFShock-induced epicardial and endocardial virtual electrodes leading to ventricular fibrillation via reentry, graded responses, and transmural activation.
J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol
January 2004
Cardiac Rhythm Management Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA.
Introduction: The mechanism of ventricular fibrillation (VF) induction by T wave shocks has been attributed to reentry, propagated graded responses (PGR), and triggered activity. The limitation of recording transmembrane potential (V(m)) from only a single surface has hampered efforts to elucidate the relative role of these phenomena and their relationship to shock-induced virtual electrodes.
Methods And Results: V(m) patterns from epicardial and endocardial surfaces of isolated sheep right ventricles were recorded with two CCD cameras for monophasic (M) and biphasic (B) shocks delivered at various coupling intervals (CI) from a unipolar mesh electrode on the epicardium.
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