A design for a low-cost, heterodyne, frequency domain-diffuse optical spectroscopy system is presented and validated. The system uses a single wavelength of 785 nm and a single detector to illustrate the capability, but is built in a modular fashion to make it easily expandable to additional wavelengths and detectors. The design incorporates methods to allow software-based control over the system operating frequency, laser diode output amplitude, and detector gain. Validation methods include characterization of electrical designs as well as determination of the system stability and accuracy using tissue-mimicking optical phantoms. The system requires only basic equipment for its construction and can be built for under .
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/BOE.489058 | DOI Listing |
Chem Commun (Camb)
January 2025
Fachgebiet Angewandte Nanophysik, Institut für Physik & IMN MacroNano, Technische Universität Ilmenau, Ilmenau 98693, Germany.
Organic materials, with abundant resources, low cost, high flexibility, tunable structures, lightweight nature, and wide operating temperature range, are regarded as promising candidates for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). Unfortunately, their poor electronic and ionic conductivity remain significant challenges, hindering the achievement of high power density for sodium storage. Power density, a critical factor in battery performance evaluation, is essential for assessing fast charging capabilities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSmall
January 2025
State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China.
Since formaldehyde oxidation reaction (FOR) can release H, it is attractive to construct a bipolar hydrogen production system consisting of FOR and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Although copper-based catalysts have attracted much attention due to their low cost and high FOR activity, the performance enhancement mechanism lacks in-depth investigation. Here, an amorphous-crystalline catalyst of amorphous nickel hydroxide-coated copper dendrites on copper foam (Cu@Ni(OH)/CF) is prepared.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Mater
January 2025
Institute for Carbon Neutralization Technology, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China.
Closed-loop transformation of raw materials into high-value-added products is highly desired for the sustainable development of the society but is seldom achieved. Here, a low-cost, solvent-free and "zero-waste" mechanochemical protocol is reported for the large-scale preparation of cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). This process ensures full utilization of raw materials, effectively reduces water consumption, and simplifies the operating process.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
January 2025
Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Physisorption presents a promising alternative to cryogenic distillation for capturing the most potent greenhouse gas, SF, but existing adsorbents face challenges in meeting diverse chemical and engineering concerns. Herein, with insights into in-pore chemistry and industrial process design, we report a systematic investigation that constructed two low-cost composites pellets (Al(fum)@2%HPC and Al(fum)@5%Kaolin) coupled with an innovative two-stage Vacuum Temperature Swing Adsorption (VTSA) process for the ultra-efficient recovery of low-concentration SF from N. Record-high selectivities (> 2×10) and SF dynamic capacities (~ 2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Sci (Weinh)
January 2025
Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, No.189, Jiuhua South Road, Wuhu, Anhui, 241002, China.
Developing low-cost unipolar n-type organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) is necessary for logic circuits. To achieve this objective, the usage of new electron-deficient building blocks with simple structure and easy synthetic route is desirable. Among all electron-deficient building units, N-oxide-functionalized bipyridines can be prepared through a simple oxidized transformation of bipyridines.
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