Intraoperative blood loss and haemoglobin drop in patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip in Jordan undergoing total hip arthroplasty.

Purpose: Developmental dysplasia of the hip is still a prevailing secondary cause of early hip osteoarthritis in Jordan. Dysplastic coxarthrosis can result in significant and disabling hip pain with impaired patient's functionality. Due to this significant morbidity, patients ultimately need total hip arthroplasty, which offers the best functional outcome. Significant anatomical aberrances do exist in such hips as a result of old dysplasia; such pathoanatomical changes can complicate an already difficult surgery and lead to significant intraoperative blood loss and haemoglobin drop postoperatively. So, the aim of this research was to investigate on the intraoperative blood loos, and postoperative haemoglobin drop in these patients.

Methods: A cross-sectional study design was adopted, and 162 patients with advanced hip osteoarthrosis secondary to developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) were studied. We studied predictors of hemoglobin drop and blood loss and linked some variables to this outcome variable using different statistical tests.

Results: Our results showed a positive correlation between blood loss and BMI (r = 0.27, p = 0.73), haemoglobin drop and duration of surgery (r = 0.14, p = 0.07), length of hospital stay and duration of surgery (r = 0.25, p = 0.001). No significant differences between outcome measures (blood loss, haemoglobin drop, and duration of surgery) between males and females (p = 0.38, 0.93, 0.77 respectively). However, there was a statistically significant differences in haemoglobin drop among patients underwent general versus spinal anaesthesia (p = 0.03). additionally, there was a statistically significant association in length of hospital stay among smokers (p = 0.03), and patients who didn't prescribed anxiolytic preoperatively (p = 0.008).

Conclusion: Haemoglobin drop and blood loss in patients with dysplastic coxarthrosis were linked to increased preoperative BMI. Use of preoperative anxiolytics, and being non-smoker decreased the length of hospital stays. General anaesthesia was associated with more haemoglobin drop as well.