Stereophotogrammetry measurement of kinematic target effect as speed accuracy benchmark indicator for kicking performance in martial arts.

Purpose: The development of a motion capture system leads to fast and accessible ways of precise testing of athletes and their motor abilities. The striking performance in martial arts and combat sports requires measuring velocity in the context of successful contact with the target. The aim of this study was to present the novel kinematic target effect coefficient and its possible use as a speed accuracy benchmark of performance based on the example of taekwon-do roundhouse and frontal kicks.

Methods: The stereophotogrammetry motion capture setup consists of 10 infrared cameras (NIR Vicon MX-T40). Analysis includes 180 kicks (roundhouse and frontal kicks) performed by 15 adult participants on a master level in taekwon-do. The kinematic target effect comparison includes two targets - a training shield and a table tennis ball hanging from the ceiling. Markers were placed on the lower extremities of participants. Spatial-temporal variables were registered for both kicking legs, techniques, and target types.

Results: Both roundhouse and frontal kicks revealed target and marker dependent differences during its execution. The kinematic target effect coefficient values differ for the specific marker and kick type.

Conclusion: The wireless motion capture systems could be helpful in the training process and an athlete's evaluation before sports competitions.