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Bachman's warbler (Vermivora bachmanii)-last sighted in 1988-is one of the only North American passerines to recently go extinct. Given extensive ongoing hybridization of its two extant congeners-the blue-winged warbler (V. cyanoptera) and golden-winged warbler (V. chrysoptera)-and shared patterns of plumage variation between Bachman's warbler and hybrids between those extant species, it has been suggested that Bachman's warbler might have also had a component of hybrid ancestry. Here, we use historic DNA (hDNA) and whole genomes of Bachman's warblers collected at the turn of the 20 century to address this. We combine these data with the two extant Vermivora species to examine patterns of population differentiation, inbreeding, and gene flow. In contrast to the admixture hypothesis, the genomic evidence is consistent with V. bachmanii having been a highly divergent, reproductively isolated species, with no evidence of introgression. We show that these three species have similar levels of runs of homozygosity (ROH), consistent with effects of a small long-term effective population size or population bottlenecks, with one V. bachmanii outlier showing numerous long ROH and a F greater than 5%. We also found-using population branch statistic estimates-previously undocumented evidence of lineage-specific evolution in V. chrysoptera near a pigmentation gene candidate, CORIN, which is a known modifier of ASIP, which is in turn involved in melanic throat and mask coloration in this family of birds. Together, these genomic results also highlight how natural history collections are such invaluable repositories of information about extant and extinct species.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2023.05.058 | DOI Listing |
Sci Rep
July 2024
Center for Conservation Genomics, Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Washington, DC, 20008, USA.
Museum genomics provide an opportunity to investigate population demographics of extinct species, especially valuable when research prior to extinction was minimal. The Bachman's warbler (Vermivora bachmanii) is hypothesized to have gone extinct due to loss of its specialized habitat. However, little is known about other potential contributing factors such as natural rarity or changes to connectivity following habitat fragmentation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Biol
July 2023
Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, 619 Mueller Laboratory, University Park, State College, PA 16802, USA. Electronic address:
Bachman's warbler (Vermivora bachmanii)-last sighted in 1988-is one of the only North American passerines to recently go extinct. Given extensive ongoing hybridization of its two extant congeners-the blue-winged warbler (V. cyanoptera) and golden-winged warbler (V.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Environ Manage
April 2017
U.S. Geological Survey, North Carolina Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Department of Applied Ecology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
A landscape-scale perspective on restoration ecology has been advocated, but few studies have informed restoration with landscape metrics or addressed broad-scale threats. Threats such as urban growth may affect restoration effectiveness in a landscape context. Here, we studied longleaf pine savanna in the rapidly urbanizing southeastern United States where a habitat-specialist bird, Bachman's sparrow (Peucaea aestivalis), is closely associated with savanna vegetation structure and frequent fire.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
May 2015
School of Renewable Natural Resources, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America.
Bachman's Sparrow (Peucaea aestivalis) is a fire-dependent species that has undergone range-wide population declines in recent decades. We examined genetic diversity in Bachman's Sparrows to determine whether natural barriers have led to distinct population units and to assess the effect of anthropogenic habitat loss and fragmentation. Genetic diversity was examined across the geographic range by genotyping 226 individuals at 18 microsatellite loci and sequencing 48 individuals at mitochondrial and nuclear genes.
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