We examined whether immune cell profiles differ between healthy women ( = 38) and breast cancer survivors ( = 27) within 2 years of treatment, and whether any group-differences were influenced by age, cytomegalovirus infection, cardiorespiratory fitness and body composition. Using flow cytometry, CD4+ and CD8+ T cell subsets, including naïve (NA), central memory (CM) and effector cells (EM and EMRA) were identified using CD27/CD45RA. Activation was measured by HLA-DR expression. Stem cell-like memory T cells (TSCMs) were identified using CD95/CD127. B cells, including plasmablasts, memory, immature and naïve cells were identified using CD19/CD27/CD38/CD10. Effector and regulatory Natural Killer cells were identified using CD56/CD16. Compared to healthy women, CD4+ CM were +Δ21% higher among survivors ( = 0.028) and CD8+ NA were -Δ25% lower ( = 0.034). Across CD4+ and CD8+ subsets, the proportion of activated (HLA-DR+) cells was +Δ31% higher among survivors: CD4+ CM (+Δ25%), CD4+ EM (+Δ32%) and CD4+ EMRA (+Δ43%), total CD8 (+Δ30%), CD8+ EM (+Δ30%) and CD8+ EMRA (+Δ25%) ( < 0.046). The counts of immature B cells, NK cells and CD16+ NK effector cells were higher among survivors (+Δ100%, +Δ108% and +Δ143% respectively, < 0.04). Subsequent analyses examined whether statistically significant differences in participant characteristics, influenced immunological differences between groups. Compared to healthy women, survivors were older (56 ± 6 y vs. 45 ± 11 y), had lower cardiorespiratory fitness ( mL kg min: 28.8 ± 5.0 vs. 36.2 ± 8.5), lower lean mass (42.3 ± 5.0 kg vs. 48.4 ± 15.8 kg), higher body fat (36.3% ± 5.3% vs. 32.7% ± 6.4%) and higher fat mass index (FMI kg/m: 9.5 ± 2.2 vs. 8.1 ± 2.7) (all < 0.033). Analysis of covariance revealed divergent moderating effects of age, CMV serostatus, cardiorespiratory fitness and body composition on the differences in immune cell profiles between groups, depending on the cell type examined. Moreover, across all participants, fat mass index was positively associated with the proportion of HLA-DR+ CD4+ EMRA and CD8+ EM/EMRA T cells (Pearson correlation: > 0.305, < 0.019). The association between fat mass index and HLA-DR+ CD8+ EMRA T cells withstood statistical adjustment for all variables, including age, CMV serostatus, lean mass and cardiorespiratory fitness, potentially implicating these cells as contributors to inflammatory/immune-dysfunction in overweight/obesity.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10267418PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2023.1107070DOI Listing

Publication Analysis

Top Keywords

cardiorespiratory fitness
20
healthy women
16
immune cell
12
fitness body
12
body composition
12
cells
12
higher survivors
12
fat mass
12
breast cancer
8
cancer survivors
8

Similar Publications

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Narrative review of the author's main contributions to the field of cardiovascular health spanning four decades, with a focus on findings related to 1- the pathophysiology of obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, and 2- the management/prevention of these conditions. Particular attention is given to the importance of regular physical activity. RECENT FINDINGS: Because behaviors and their physiological consequences are still not measured in clinical practice, it is proposed to systematically assess and target "lifestyle vital signs" (waist circumference, cardiorespiratory fitness, food-based diet quality and level of leisure-time physical activity) in primary care.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Introduction: Approximately two-thirds of Brazilian older adults have hypertension. Aerobic training is the first-line non-pharmacological therapy for hypertension. However, the effects of different aerobic training approaches on ambulatory blood pressure in older adults are uncertain.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Cardiorespiratory demands of firearms training instruction and 15m shuttle tests in British law enforcement.

PLoS One

January 2025

Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, Institute of Sport Exercise and Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom.

Objectives: Law enforcement agencies require minimum fitness standards to safeguard their officers and training staff. Firearms instructors (FI) are expected to maintain the same standards as their operational counterparts. This study aimed to quantify the daily physiological demands placed on FI.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Due to the exponential growth in technology, exergames emerged as a potential tool to foster physical activity (PA) levels. This study provides an overall view of the literature on the effects of exergaming on physical fitness components among overweight and obese children and adolescents. A systematic review and meta-analysis following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines was performed in the PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Purpose: To systematically review the evidence investigating the implementation of cardiorespiratory (CR) training in adults following a stroke and to understand how interventions are prescribed to address cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF).

Methods: Medline, CINAHL, EMBASE, EMCARE, Scopus, PEDro and ProQuest were searched from inception until January 2024. Inclusion criteria were studies that included adults following a stroke, investigated CR training interventions and used standardised CRF assessments.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?

Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!