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Gut-brain axis and neuroplasticity in health and disease: a systematic review.
Radiol Med
December 2024
Medical Physics Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, 00165, Rome, Italy.
The gut microbiota emerged as a potential modulator of brain connectivity in health and disease. This systematic review details current evidence on the gut-brain axis and its influence on brain connectivity. The initial set of studies included 532 papers, updated to January 2024.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMeta-analytic connectivity perturbation analysis (MACPA): a new method for enhanced precision in fMRI connectivity analysis.
Brain Struct Funct
December 2024
GCS-fMRI, Koelliker Hospital and Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
Co-activation of distinct brain areas provides a valuable measure of functional interaction, or connectivity, between them. One well-validated way to investigate the co-activation patterns of a precise area is meta-analytic connectivity modeling (MACM), which performs a seed-based meta-analysis on task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (task-fMRI) data. While MACM stands as a powerful automated tool for constructing robust models of whole-brain human functional connectivity, its inherent limitation lies in its inability to capture the distinct interrelationships among multiple brain regions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCaloric depletion leads to behavioral changes that help an animal find food and restore its homeostatic balance. Hunger increases exploration and risk-taking behavior, allowing an animal to forage for food despite risks; however, the neural circuitry underlying this change is unknown. Here, we characterize how hunger restructures an animal's spontaneous behavior as well as its directed exploration of a novel object.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlterations in functional connectivity of interoceptive and Cortico-Subcortical areas in Multiple Sclerosis-Related fatigue.
Neuroscience
December 2024
Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States; APDM Precision Motion, Clario, Portland, Oregon, United States. Electronic address:
Fatigue in people with Multiple Sclerosis (PwMS) is a poorly understood, complex, and disabling symptom. We hypothesized that the perception of fatigue in PwMS results from increased information processing in cortical areas responsible for the perception of bodily states and decreased information processing in the cortico-basal ganglia network involved in the perception of motor performance. We investigated whether PwMS who perceive excessive fatigue would have increased resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) between interoceptive brain areas (amygdala, anterior cingulate cortex [ACC], and insula) and decreased rsFC between cortico-basal ganglia premotor network compared to PwMS not reporting fatigue.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInvestigating the common genetic architecture and causality of metabolic disorders with neurodegenerative diseases.
Diabetes Obes Metab
December 2024
Department of Biostatistics, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Background: The co-occurrence of metabolic dysfunction and neurodegenerative diseases suggests a genetic link, yet the shared genetic architecture and causality remain unclear. We aimed to comprehensively characterise these genetic relationships.
Methods: We investigated genetic correlations among four neurodegenerative diseases and seven metabolic dysfunctions, followed by bidirectional Mendelian randomisation (MR) to assess potential causal relationships.
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