The outcome for infants with fetal lung pathologies not only depends on the nature of the pathology, but the impact it has on the developing lungs. The main prognostic factor is the degree of pulmonary hypoplasia, but this is not detectable pre-natally. Imaging techniques aim to simulate these features with a variety of surrogate measurements, including lung volume and MRI signal intensity. Despite the complexity of the various research studies and lack of consistent methodology, this scoping review aims to summarise current applications, and promising techniques requiring further investigation.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1259/bjr.20220344 | DOI Listing |
Int J Mol Sci
January 2025
Lipids, Oxidation, and Cell Biology Group, Laboratory of Immunology (LIM19), Heart Institute (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo 05403-900, Brazil.
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells with the potential to differentiate into various lineages. They have also the potential to protect themselves against harmful stimuli to maintain their functional integrity. Drug resistance-related transporters such as ABCB1 (P-glycoprotein; P-gp), ABCC1 (MRP1; multidrug resistance-related Protein 1), and LRP (lung resistance protein) may protect MSCs against toxic substances such as chemotherapeutic agents.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenes (Basel)
January 2025
Division of Cell and Developmental Genetics, Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and the Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA.
TSPX is an X-linked tumor suppressor that was initially identified in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines. However, its expression patterns and downstream mechanisms in NSCLC remain unclear. This study aims to investigate the functions of TSPX in NSCLC by identifying its potential downstream targets and their correlation with clinical outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomolecules
January 2025
Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (DTERM), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia.
Background/objective: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is characterized by abdominal obesity, increased blood pressure (BP), fasting blood glucose (FBG) and triglyceride levels, and reduced high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels. This study aims to investigate the efficacy of the Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs)-derived small extracellular vesicles' (sEVs) preparations in managing MetS.
Method: Twenty-four rats were fed with a high-fat and high-fructose diet to induce MetS for 16 weeks and randomized into three groups ( = 8/group): a MetS Control group treated with normal saline, MetS Low Dose (LD) group treated with a LD of sEVs preparations (3 × 10 particle/rat), and MetS High Dose (HD) group treated with a HD of sEVs preparations (9 × 10 particles/rat).
Cancers (Basel)
January 2025
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania.
Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare, progressive, and poor-prognosis systemic disorder that primarily affects women of reproductive age, with a higher prevalence among individuals of Caucasian origin. However, there are limited reliable data on the prevalence of LAM during pregnancy. The fulminant respiratory clinical presentation that often includes progressive dyspnea on exertion, cough, or hemoptysis, frequently complicated by pneumothorax, and the increased risk of spontaneous abortion due to increased estrogen and progesterone production during gestation, are arguments that most often make the diagnosed woman avoid pregnancy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Microbiol
January 2025
Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
Background: Perinatal nicotine exposure (PNE) induces pulmonary dysplasia in offspring and it increases the risk of respiratory diseases both in offspring and across generations. The maternal gut microbiota and its metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), can regulate fetal lung development and are susceptible to nicotine exposure. Therefore, modulation of PNE-induced changes in maternal gut microbiota and SCFAs may prevent the occurrence of pulmonary dysplasia in offspring.
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