Identification of an important QTL for seed oil content in soybean.

Unlabelled: Seed oil content is one of the most important quantitative traits in soybean () breeding. Here, we constructed a high-density single nucleotide polymorphism linkage map using two genetically similar parents, Heinong 84 and Kenfeng 17, that differ dramatically in their seed oil contents, and performed quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping of seed oil content in a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from their cross. We detected five QTL related to seed oil content distributed on five chromosomes. The QTL for seed oil content explained over 10% of the phenotypic variation over two years. This QTL was mapped to an interval containing 20 candidate genes, including a previously reported gene, soybean () encoding an E3 ubiquitin ligase. Notably, two short sequences were inserted in the coding region of KF 17 compared to that of HN 84, resulting in a longer protein variant in KF 17. Our results thus provide information for uncovering the genetic mechanisms determining seed oil content in soybean, as well as identifying an additional QTL and highlighting as candidate gene for modulating seed oil content in soybean.

Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11032-023-01384-2.