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Impairment of arbitration between model-based and model-free reinforcement learning in obsessive-compulsive disorder. | LitMetric

Impairment of arbitration between model-based and model-free reinforcement learning in obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Front Psychiatry

Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China.

Published: May 2023

AI Article Synopsis

Article Abstract

Introduction: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by an imbalance between goal-directed and habitual learning systems in behavioral control, but it is unclear whether these impairments are due to a single system abnormality of the goal-directed system or due to an impairment in a separate arbitration mechanism that selects which system controls behavior at each point in time.

Methods: A total of 30 OCD patients and 120 healthy controls performed a 2-choice, 3-stage Markov decision-making paradigm. Reinforcement learning models were used to estimate goal-directed learning (as model-based reinforcement learning) and habitual learning (as model-free reinforcement learning). In general, 29 high Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised (OCI-R) score controls, 31 low OCI-R score controls, and all 30 OCD patients were selected for the analysis.

Results: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) patients showed less appropriate strategy choices than controls regardless of whether the OCI-R scores in the control subjects were high ( = 0.012) or low ( < 0.001), specifically showing a greater model-free strategy use in task conditions where the model-based strategy was optimal. Furthermore, OCD patients ( = 0.001) and control subjects with high OCI-R scores (H-OCI-R; = 0.009) both showed greater system switching rather than consistent strategy use in task conditions where model-free use was optimal.

Conclusion: These findings indicated an impaired arbitration mechanism for flexible adaptation to environmental demands in both OCD patients and healthy individuals reporting high OCI-R scores.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10250695PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1162800DOI Listing

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