The desialylation of chick brain microsomal membranes affects the transbilayer distribution of phospholipids. When intact microsomes were treated with neuraminidase, less phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin could be hydrolysed with phospholipase C under experimental conditions which allowed the hydrolysis of the phospholipids of the external leaflet only. In contrast, the accessibility of phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylserine to the external probes (trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid or phospholipase C) was not affected. After neuraminidase treatment of a microsomal fraction, less phosphatidylcholine, newly synthesized through the cytidine pathway, could be hydrolysed by phospholipase C, whereas the reaction of newly synthesized phosphatidylethanolamine molecules with trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid was not affected. The results suggest that in biological membranes some choline phospholipid molecules may interact with the sialyl residue of sialocompounds. This interaction may contribute to the maintenance of phospholipid asymmetry in brain membranes.
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