The large mode field area fiber can raise the tolerance of power, and high requirements for the bending characteristics of optical fibers are needed. In this paper, a fiber composed of a comb-index core, gradient-refractive index ring, and multi-cladding is proposed. The performance of the proposed fiber is investigated by using a finite element method at a 1550 nm wavelength. When the bending radius is 20 cm, the mode field area of the fundamental mode can achieve 2010 μm, and the bending loss is reduced to 8.452 × 10 dB/m. Additionally, when the bending radius is smaller than 30 cm, there are two variations with low BL and leakage; one is a bending radius of 17 cm to 21 cm, and the other is from 24 cm to 28 cm (except for 27 cm). When the bending radius is between 17 cm and 38 cm, the highest bending loss is 1.131 × 10 dB/m and the lowest mode field area is 1925 μm. It has a very important application prospect in the field of high-power fiber lasers and telecom applications.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23115085 | DOI Listing |
J Phys Chem A
January 2025
College of Physics, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China.
Based on the DCV-C system of fullerene acceptor organic solar cell active materials, the charge transfer process of D-A type molecular materials under the action of an external electric field () was explored. Within the range of electric field application, the excited state characteristics exhibit certain regular changes. Based on reducing the excitation energy, the excitation mode shows a trend of developing toward low excited states.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComput Struct Biotechnol J
December 2024
Environmental Intelligence Unit, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, Mol 2400, Belgium.
Exposure of lung epithelia to aerosols is omnipresent. Chronic exposure to polluted air is a significant factor in the development of pulmonary diseases, which are among the top global causes of death, including COVID-19, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung cancer, and tuberculosis. As efforts to prevent and treat lung diseases increase, the development of pulmonary drug delivery systems has become a major area of interest.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurophotonics
January 2025
University of Illinois Chicago, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chicago, Illinois, United States.
Significance: Stimulus-evoked intrinsic optical signal (IOS) changes in retinal photoreceptors are critical for functional optoretinography (ORG). Optical coherence tomography (OCT), with its depth-resolved imaging capability, has been actively explored for IOS imaging of retinal photoreceptors. However, recent OCT studies have reported conflicting results regarding light-induced changes in the photoreceptor outer segments (OSs), with both elongation and shrinkage being observed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWorld J Clin Cases
January 2025
Department of Psychiatric Internal Medicine, Sunlight Brain Research Center, Hofu 7470066, Yamaguchi, Japan.
Medical procedures are inherently invasive and carry the risk of inducing pain to the mind and body. Recently, efforts have been made to alleviate the discomfort associated with invasive medical procedures through the use of virtual reality (VR) technology. VR has been demonstrated to be an effective treatment for pain associated with medical procedures, as well as for chronic pain conditions for which no effective treatment has been established.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuroimage Clin
January 2025
Backgrounds/objective: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has proved the viability of alleviating depression symptoms by stimulating deep reward-related nuclei. This study aims to investigate the abnormal connectivity profiles among superficial, intermediate, and deep brain regions within the reward circuit in major depressive disorder (MDD) and therefore provides references for identifying potential superficial cortical targets for non-invasive neuromodulation.
Methods: Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data were collected from a cohort of depression patients (N = 52) and demographically matched healthy controls (N = 60).
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