Assembly and Comparative Analysis of the Complete Mitochondrial Genome of Two Species of Calla Lilies (, Araceae).

In this study, the mitochondrial genomes of two calla species, Spreng. and Perry., were assembled and compared for the first time. The mt genome was assembled into a single circular chromosome, measuring 675,575 bp in length with a 45.85% GC content. In contrast, the mt genome consisted of bicyclic chromosomes (chromosomes 1 and 2), measuring 719,764 bp and exhibiting a 45.79% GC content. Both mitogenomes harbored similar gene compositions, with 56 and 58 genes identified in and , respectively. Analyses of codon usage, sequence repeats, gene migration from chloroplast to mitochondrial, and RNA editing were conducted for both and mt genomes. Phylogenetic examination based on the mt genomes of these two species and 30 other taxa provided insights into their evolutionary relationships. Additionally, the core genes in the gynoecium, stamens, and mature pollen grains of the mt genome were investigated, which revealed maternal mitochondrial inheritance in this species. In summary, this study offers valuable genomic resources for future research on mitogenome evolution and the molecular breeding of calla lily.