Polymeric wet-strength agents are important additives used in the paper industry to improve the mechanical properties of paper products, especially when they come into contact with water. These agents play a crucial role in enhancing the durability, strength, and dimensional stability of paper products. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the different types of wet-strength agents available and their mechanisms of action. We will also discuss the challenges associated with the use of wet-strength agents and the recent advances in the development of more sustainable and environmentally friendly agents. As the demand for more sustainable and durable paper products continues to grow, the use of wet-strength agents is expected to increase in the coming years.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24119268 | DOI Listing |
ACS Sustain Resour Manag
December 2024
FSCN Research Center, Organic Chemistry, Mid Sweden University, Holmgatan 10, 851 70 Sundsvall, Sweden.
There is a growing demand for the utilization of sustainable materials, such as cellulose-based alternatives, over fossil-based materials. However, the inherent drawbacks of cellulosic materials, such as extremely low wet strength and resistance to moisture, need significant improvements. Moreover, several of the commercially available wet-strength chemicals and hydrophobic agents for cellulosic material treatment are toxic or fossil-based (e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Macromol
December 2024
Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources and International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China. Electronic address:
Bacterial cellulose (BC) has been extensively applied to fabricate advanced biomaterials, although it remains challenging due to its poor toughness and water stability. Herein a genetically engineered protein-conjugated synthetic polymer is designed to improve BC film's strength and flexibility. Initially, the hybrid polymer is constructed by grafting Family 3 carbohydrate-binding modules (CBM3) to amphoteric polyacrylamide polymer (AmPAM), one of the paper industry's most widely used dry-strength agents.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Macromol
December 2024
Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avda. Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain. Electronic address:
The widespread use of synthetic plastics in packaging materials poses significant environmental challenges, prompting the search for biobased, biodegradable, and non-toxic alternatives. This study focuses on improving high-yield pulps (HYPs) as sustainable materials for packaging. Enhancing wet strength and barrier properties of papers from bleached chemi-thermomechanical pulps (BCTMPs) is crucial for their application in water- and air- resistant wrappers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Mech Behav Biomed Mater
December 2024
National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, People's Republic of China. Electronic address:
Silk fibroin material has good mechanical properties and excellent biocompatibility as a natural biomaterial with broad application prospects. However, by applying regenerated silk fibroin in biomaterials with high mechanical strength requirements, such as bone materials, there are problems, such as insufficient mechanical properties and a significant decline in mechanical properties in the wet state. In this report, a silk fibroin composite that maintains high strength in the wet state was prepared by adding nano-SiO as a nano-strengthening filler to the silk protein material and employing an epoxy-based silane coupling agent KH560 as an interfacial reinforcing agent.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMaterials (Basel)
June 2024
Research Platform for Environmental Science (PRASE), Doctoral School of Science and Technology, Lebanese University, Beirut P.O. Box 657314, Lebanon.
Driven by concerns over polluted industrial wastewater, particularly heavy metals and dyes, this study explores biosorption using chemically cross-link chitosan derivatives as a sustainable and cost-effective depollution method. Chitosan cross-linking employs either water-soluble polymers and agents like glutaraldehyde or copolymerization of hydrophilic monomers with a cross-linker. Chemical cross-linking of polymers has emerged as a promising approach to enhance the wet-strength properties of materials.
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