Conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) are potent antigen-presenting cells that consist of developmentally, phenotypically, and functionally distinct subsets. Following immunization, each subset of cDCs acquires the antigen and presents it to CD4T (CD4 T (cells)) cells with distinct spatiotemporal kinetics in the secondary lymphoid organs, often causing multiple waves of antigen presentation to CD4T cells. Here, we review the current understanding of the kinetics of antigen presentation by each cDC subset and its functional consequences in priming naive CD4T cells, and discuss its implications in the differentiation of CD4T cells.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coi.2023.102352 | DOI Listing |
Methods Mol Biol
December 2024
Pediatric Infectious Disease and Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Characterization and quantitation of T cell responses following infection and/or vaccination can provide insight into mechanisms of host cell immunity that provide resolution of acute infection or protection from future infection or disease. While these types of studies are very advanced for viruses such as HIV, influenza, and SARS-CoV-2, they are less well developed for most of the Bunyaviruses. Cytotoxic CD8T cells are especially relevant in the context of viral infections since they recognize virus-infected cells via interaction of the T cell receptor with virally derived peptides presented in the context of MHCI.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Allergy
November 2024
Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Introduction: Cutaneous immune-mediated adverse drug reactions are more prevalent in people with human immunodeficiency virus (PWH). Severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions (SCAR) are a life-threatening subset of cutaneous adverse drug reactions (CADRs) and a significant public health issue in settings endemic for human immunodeficiency virus and tuberculosis. However, limited data are available on CADR requiring hospitalisation in African settings.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNPJ Precis Oncol
November 2024
Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, USA.
Am J Transplant
October 2024
Department of Surgery, Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. Electronic address:
PLoS Pathog
October 2024
Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Tropical Medicine, George Washington University, Washington DC, United States of America.
Development of novel therapeutic strategies that reactivate latent HIV and sensitize reactivated cells to apoptosis is crucial towards elimination of the latent viral reservoir. Among the clinically relevant latency reversing agents (LRA) under investigation, the γc-cytokine IL-15 and the superagonist N-803 have been shown to reactivate latent HIV ex vivo and in vivo. However, their clinical benefit can be hindered by IL-15 promoting survival of infected cells.
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