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New insights into the use of dexamethasone-dexmedetomidine as perineural adjuvants in peripheral nerve and fascial blocks: an up-to-date narrative review.
Minerva Anestesiol
December 2024
Unit of Anesthesia, Villa Pia Clinic, Rome, Italy.
The discovery of the mechanism of action of local anesthetics, involving the blocking of sodium ion channels is considered a milestone in anesthesia. Potentially lethal toxic effects occur in the case of intravascular injection of local anesthetic (LA) or in case of exceeding dosages, as a result of systemic reabsorption. Attempts to prevent these life-threatening events have been made by developing novel LA and by adding adjuvants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFResearch Status of Different Adjuvants on Nerve Block's Effect.
Pain Physician
November 2024
The Second Clinical College of Chongqing Medical University; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, People's Republic of China.
Background: Acute postoperative pain is one of the most common challenges faced by patients who undergo surgery. Multimodal analgesia has been recommended in recent years to effectively control this condition. Nerve blocks are an important part of multimodal analgesia; a single peripheral nerve block is widely used in clinical practice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDexmedetomidine Attenuated Neuron Death, Cognitive Decline, and Anxiety-Like Behavior by Inhibiting CXCL2 in CA1 Region of AD Mice.
Drug Des Devel Ther
November 2024
Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China.
Purpose: β-amyloid overload-induced neuroinflammation and neuronal loss are key pathological changes that occur during the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Dexmedetomidine (Dex) exhibits neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects on the nervous system. However, the effect of Dex in AD mice remains unclear, and its neuroprotective regulatory mechanism requires further investigation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBack to the Future: Historic Insights and Recent Innovations in Pediatric Regional Anesthesia.
J Clin Med
November 2024
Department of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook University Health Science Center, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.
Pediatric regional anesthesia is evolving with new peripheral nerve blocks and techniques aimed at improving perioperative pain management. While caudal blocks have long been standard due to their simplicity and low complication rates, newer fascial plane blocks offer comparable efficacy with enhanced nerve coverage tailored to specific surgeries. Moreover, adjuncts like dexmedetomidine and dexamethasone have shown promise in prolonging block duration and enhancing post-operative pain relief and patient satisfaction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCombination of different local anesthetic adjunct for supraclavicular brachial plexus block after arthroscopic shoulder surgery: a prospective randomized controlled trial.
BMC Musculoskelet Disord
October 2024
Center for Joint Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Background: Acute pain is a major concern after arthroscopic shoulder surgery, supraclavicular brachial plexus blockade has shown favorable postoperative analgesic effects. However, its duration of analgesia does not meet clinical needs. We aimed to explore whether the combination of different local anesthetic adjunct can prolong the analgesic duration of supraclavicular brachial plexus block for arthroscopic shoulder surgery.
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