This retrospective ecological study investigated malaria incidence among Brazilian Yanomami children and adolescents from 2003 to 2022. Of the 145,573 recorded cases, 75.9% occurred in the Yanomami pediatric population. Moreover, an increase in the proportion of cases among the 10-19 age group has been observed, potentially associated with the recruitment of Indigenous adolescents to mining areas in recent years.
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The Pandemic, Mining Violence, and the Case of the Sanöma/Yanomami People.
J Med Humanit
November 2024
Department of Anthropology, University of Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.
In Brazil, the health emergency unleashed by the Covid-19 pandemic must be understood in the context of the government administration of the former president, Jair Bolsonaro. The new coronavirus was turned into a war machine, something already seen in other moments of the history of indigenous peoples, when epidemics were strategically used to promote indigenous genocide and usurp their territories. The Sanöma, a subgroup of the Yanomami language family, assert that Covid-19 did not leave individualized traces of 'sequelae' but made itself felt in the deaths that could not undergo the traditional funeral rites due to the sanitary measures, generating a cosmological and existential tension for the collective as a whole.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUncontrolled Illegal Mining and Garimpo in the Brazilian Amazon.
Nat Commun
November 2024
Federal University of Para, UFPA, Technology Institute, PPGEE, Belem, PA, Brazil.
Mining has played an important role in the economies of South American countries. Although industrial mining prevails in most countries, the expansion of garimpo activity has increased substantially. Recently, Brazil exhibited two moments of garimpo dominance over industrial mining: 1989-1997 and 2019-2022.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRecent advances in colorimetric and photoluminescent fibrillar devices, photonic crystals and carbon dot-based sensors for mercury (II) ion detection.
Talanta
January 2025
Instituto de Pesquisa em Ciência dos Materiais, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, 48902-300, Juazeiro, BA, Brazil. Electronic address:
The escalating environmental contamination with mercury has become a pressing issue, significantly impacting human beings and nature. For instance, small-scale gold mining has led to severe contamination in the Brazilian Yanomami village, highlighting the urgent need for action. The development of fibrillar-based sensors for mercury (II) ions represents an important issue to be considered in the point-of-care and simple detection of contaminants in water.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDifferential distribution of NAT2 polymorphisms and NAT2 acetylator phenotypes among indigenous populations of the Brazilian Amazon.
Pharmacogenet Genomics
December 2024
Departamento de Pesquisa, Divisão de Pesquisa Clínica e Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Coordenação de Pesquisa, Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Objectives: We report, for the first time, the distribution of four no-function NAT2 single nucleotide polymorphisms and inferred NAT2 acetylator phenotypes in three indigenous groups (Munduruku, Paiter-Suruí, and Yanomami), living in reservation areas in the Brazilian Amazon.
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Investigation of Mutations in the and Genes of for the Molecular Surveillance of Chloroquine Resistance in Parasites from Gold Mining Areas in Roraima, Brazil.
Microorganisms
August 2024
Laboratório de Pesquisa em Malária, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil.
Article Synopsis
- - The study focuses on chloroquine-resistant malaria in Brazil, specifically linked to illegal mining in the Roraima Yanomami Indigenous territory which increases the risk of resistant parasites.
- - Researchers collected blood samples from patients in Boa Vista and performed genetic analysis to understand mutations associated with chloroquine resistance, finding that 98% of participants were from mining areas.
- - The analysis revealed specific genetic mutations in the studied genes, but these mutations do not effectively predict chloroquine resistance, and there were no severe cases among the participants.
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