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Invasion Risk of Established and Horizon Non-Native Ants in the Mediterranean: A Screening for Italy.
Insects
November 2024
Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Department of Ecology and Vertebrate Zoology, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland.
Over five hundred non-native ant species have spread worldwide, including many that have severe effects on biodiversity, are serious economic pests, or threaten human health and agriculture. The number of species in the Mediterranean is steadily increasing, with Italy being a prominent example. We provide risk screenings for non-native ant species in Italy using a Terrestrial Species Invasiveness Screening Kit using current climate conditions and future predictions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHybrid populations of Africanized honey bees (-hybrids), notable for their defensive behaviour, have spread rapidly throughout South and North America since their unintentional introduction. Although their migration has slowed, the large-scale trade and movement of honey bee queens and colonies raise concern over the accidental importation of -hybrids to previously unoccupied areas. Therefore, developing an accurate and robust assay to detect -hybrids is an important first step toward mitigating risk.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenetically modified maize DP51291 was developed to confer control against susceptible corn rootworm pests and tolerance to glufosinate-containing herbicide; these properties were achieved by introducing the and expression cassettes. The molecular characterisation data and bioinformatic analyses do not identify issues requiring food/feed safety assessment. None of the identified differences in the agronomic/phenotypic and compositional characteristics tested between maize DP51291 and its conventional counterpart needs further assessment, except for phosphorus in forage and manganese, proline, oleic acid (C18:1) and linoleic acid (C18:2) in grain, which do not raise safety and nutritional concerns.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTrade Liberalization and Mortality Rates: Evidence of Pro-Cyclical Mortality From Brazil.
Health Econ
November 2024
Department of Economics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA.
We trace the evolution of all-cause mortality rates in Brazilian regions with varying exposure to trade-induced economic shocks before, during, and after liberalization reforms in the 1990s. We find consistent evidence of pro-cyclical mortality, with areas more exposed to tariff reductions experiencing larger declines in mortality across varying time horizons. The observed decline in mortality rates is evident across sex, age groups, and for both internal and external causes of mortality.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExperimental study on the synchronization mechanism and trigger characteristic density of vertical evacuation in crowds.
Sci Rep
October 2024
College of Engineering , Sichuan Normal University, 610101, Chengdu Sichuan, China.
Article Synopsis
- This research investigates the impact of synchronization behavior among pedestrians during vertical evacuations to prevent severe stampede congestion.
- The study involves a controlled experiment where movement data is analyzed via the TRACKER system to understand pedestrian step dynamics.
- Key findings include the stability of synchronization under consistent speed and direction, the independence of footstep speed variation from synchronization rates, and the identification of key density values that trigger synchronization in crowds.
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