AI Article Synopsis
- Ferroptosis is a new type of cell death linked to the depletion of glutathione and the build-up of iron and lipid peroxides, which can harm neuronal cells.
- This study shows that nitric oxide (NO) production is crucial for this process, specifically through the activation of a protein called protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) by nNOS.
- Inhibiting PDI can prevent this ferroptotic cell death in neuronal cells, suggesting that targeting PDI could be a potential strategy to protect against damage caused by low glutathione levels.
Article Abstract
Ferroptosis is a new form of nonapoptotic cell death closely associated with glutathione (GSH) peroxidase 4 inhibition and/or GSH depletion, resulting in the accumulation of cellular iron and lipid peroxides. The exact mechanism by which GSH depletion causes the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid-ROS and subsequent ferroptotic cell death in neuronal cells remains unclear. In the present study, using immortalized HT22 mouse hippocampal neuronal cells as a model, we show that nitric oxide (NO) accumulation via protein disulfide isomerase (PDI)-mediated neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) activation plays a critical role in chemically-induced ferroptosis. Mechanistically, we find that erastin-induced GSH depletion leads to activation of PDI, which then mediates ferroptosis by catalyzing nNOS dimerization, followed by accumulation of cellular NO, ROS and lipid ROS and ultimately ferroptotic cell death. Pharmacological inhibition of PDI enzymatic activity or selective knockdown can effectively abrogate erastin-induced ferroptosis in HT22 cells. The results of this study reveal an important role of PDI in mediating chemically induced ferroptosis in a neuronal cell model, and PDI may serve as a potential drug target for protection against GSH depletion-associated ferroptotic neuronal cell death.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10281880 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/abbs.2023058 | DOI Listing |
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