AI Article Synopsis

  • - The canine parvovirus type-2 (CPV-2) has evolved into several variants (CPV-2a, CPV-2b, CPV-2c) since its first detection in the 1970s, with recent variants reported globally, including in 2019.
  • - A study conducted in Gabon focused on clinical cases of CPV in vaccinated dogs, collecting fecal samples that tested positive for the virus, with genetic analysis revealing the presence of CPV-2a and CPV-2c.
  • - The findings indicate that these CPV variants are circulating among young vaccinated dogs in Gabon, prompting the need for further research on the epidemiology and effectiveness of existing vaccines

Article Abstract

The first detection of canine parvovirus type-2 (CPV-2) was in the early 1970s, when it was known to cause severe gastroenteritis in dogs. However, it has evolved over the years into CPV-2a within 2 years, into CPV-2b after 14 years, into CPV-2c after 16 years and more recently CPV-2a-, 2b- and 2c-like variants reported in 2019, with a global distribution. Reports on the molecular epidemiology of this virus are missing in most African countries. The report of clinical cases among vaccinated dogs in Libreville in Gabon triggered the execution of this study. The objective of this study was to characterize circulating variants from dogs showing clinical signs suggestive of CPV that were examined by a veterinarian. A total of eight (8) fecal swab samples were collected, and all had positive PCR results. Sequencing, Blast analysis and assembly of two whole genomes and eight partial VP2 sequences were performed, and the sequences submitted to GenBank. Genetic characterization revealed the presence of CPV-2a and CPV-2c variants with predominance of the former. Phylogenetically, the Gabonese CPVs formed distinct groups similar to Zambian CPV-2c and Australian CPV-2a sequences. The antigenic variants CPV-2a and CPV-2c have not yet been reported in Central Africa. However, these CPV-2 variants circulate in young, vaccinated dogs in Gabon. These results suggest additional epidemiological and genomic studies are required in order to evaluate the occurrence of different CPV variants in Gabon and effectiveness of the commercial vaccines used against protoparvovirus in the country.

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10221576PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15051169DOI Listing

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