Protein molecular machines, also known as proton pumps, are the most important element of biological membranes [...].
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24109070 | DOI Listing |
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Mitochondria complex III-generated superoxide is essential for IL-10 secretion in macrophages.
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Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
Mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) function modulates macrophage biology; however, mechanisms underlying mitochondria ETC control of macrophage immune responses are not fully understood. Here, we report that mutant mice with mitochondria ETC complex III (CIII)-deficient macrophages exhibit increased susceptibility to influenza A virus (IAV) and LPS-induced endotoxic shock. Cultured bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) isolated from these mitochondria CIII-deficient mice released less IL-10 than controls following TLR3 or TLR4 stimulation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMitochondrial respiratory complex III sustains IL-10 production in activated macrophages and promotes tumor-mediated immune evasion.
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School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
The cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10) limits the immune response and promotes resolution of acute inflammation. Because of its immunosuppressive effects, IL-10 up-regulation is a common feature of tumor progression and metastasis. Recently, IL-10 regulation has been shown to depend on mitochondria and redox-sensitive signals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFElectric Forces and ATP Synthesis.
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Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK.
ATP synthase is a rotary motor enzyme that drives the formation of ATP from ADP and P and uses multiple electrical forces to do this. This chapter outlines the exquisite use of these electrical forces to generate the high energy phosphates on which all our lives depend. Vacuolar ATPases and the ADP/ATP carrier also are explored.
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View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhylogenetic position of the subfamily Symphrasinae (Insecta: Neuroptera), its intergeneric relationships and evolution of the raptorial condition within Mantispoidea.
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Instituto de Biología, UNAM, Departamento de Zoología, Colección Nacional de Insectos, Apartado Postal 70-153, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
The superfamily Mantispoidea (Insecta: Neuroptera) includes the families Berothidae, Rhachiberothidae and Mantispidae. Among these taxa, the last two are collectively known as Raptorial Mantispoidea due to the presence of grasping forelegs for predatory habits. The Mantispidae classically included the subfamilies Symphrasinae, Drepanicinae, Calomantispinae and Mantispinae, yet recent research challenged this classification scheme as well as the monophyly of this family resulting in Symphrasinae being transferred to Rhachiberothidae.
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