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Systematic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 reveals dynamics of variant mutagenesis and transmission in a large urban population.
Nat Commun
December 2024
Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X5, Canada.
Highly mutable pathogens generate viral diversity that impacts virulence, transmissibility, treatment, and thwarts acquired immunity. We previously described C19-SPAR-Seq, a high-throughput, next-generation sequencing platform to detect SARS-CoV-2 that we here deployed to systematically profile variant dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 for over 3 years in a large, North American urban environment (Toronto, Canada). Sequencing of the ACE2 receptor binding motif and polybasic furin cleavage site of the Spike gene in over 70,000 patients revealed that population sweeps of canonical variants of concern (VOCs) occurred in repeating wavelets.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVariations in Furin SNPs, a Major Concern of SARS-CoV-2 Susceptibility Among Different Populations: An - Approach.
Bioinform Biol Insights
December 2024
Laboratory of Microbial Genomics and Metabolic Engineering, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chattogram, Bangladesh.
COVID-19 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) had an adverse effect globally because it caused a global pandemic with several million deaths. This virus possesses spike protein that is cleaved or activated by Furin-like protease enzymes occurring by mammalian lung or respiratory cells to enter the mammalian body. The addition of the Furin cleavage site in SARS-CoV-2 makes it a more infectious and emerging virus than its ancestor's viruses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPre-pandemic artificial MERS analog of polyfunctional SARS-CoV-2 S1/S2 furin cleavage site domain is unique among spike proteins of genus Betacoronavirus.
BMC Genom Data
December 2024
School of Science, Constructor University, 28759, Bremen, Germany.
Objectives: SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) glycoprotein furin cleavage site is a key determinant of SARS-CoV-2 virulence and COVID-19 pathogencity. Located at the S1/S2 junction, it is unique among sarbecoviruses but frequently found among betacoronaviruses. Recent evidence suggests that this site includes two additional functional motifs: a pat7 nuclear localization signal and two flanking O-glycosites.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUbiquitin Ligase ITCH Regulates Life Cycle of SARS-CoV-2 Virus.
bioRxiv
December 2024
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
SARS-CoV-2 infection poses a major threat to public health, and understanding the mechanism of viral replication and virion release would help identify therapeutic targets and effective drugs for combating the virus. Herein, we identified E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Itchy homolog (ITCH) as a central regulator of SARS-CoV-2 at multiple steps and processes. ITCH enhances the ubiquitination of viral envelope and membrane proteins and mutual interactions of structural proteins, thereby aiding in virion assembly.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCharacterization of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein oligomers.
J Struct Biol
December 2024
Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Warsaw, Poland; Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Photobiology, Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy; ReGenFix Laboratories, R&D Department, Sardara, Italy. Electronic address:
Oligomers of the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) protein are characterized by pronounced instability resulting in fast degradation. This property likely relates to two contrasting behaviors of the N protein: genome stabilization through a compact nucleocapsid during cell evasion and genome release by nucleocapsid disassembling during infection. In vivo, the N protein forms rounded complexes of high molecular mass from its interaction with the viral genome.
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