How are animals equipped with only diffusely distributed nerve nets able to generate complex behaviors? A new study in Hydra vulgaris proposes that a peptide-based 'wireless connectome' works in concert with two familiar network-coordinating mechanisms to generate the animal's remarkable somersault behavior.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2023.04.004 | DOI Listing |
eNeuro
January 2025
Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada.
Axons in the mammalian brain show significant diversity in myelination motifs, displaying spatial heterogeneity in sheathing along individual axons and across brain regions. However, its impact on neural signaling and susceptibility to injury remains poorly understood. To address this, we leveraged cable theory and developed model axons replicating the myelin sheath distributions observed experimentally in different regions of the mouse central nervous system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Top Dev Biol
January 2025
Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, KY, United States. Electronic address:
Retinoic acid (RA) signaling plays multiple essential roles in development of the head and face. Animal models with mutations in genes involved in RA signaling have enabled understanding of craniofacial morphogenic processes that are regulated by the retinoid pathway. During craniofacial morphogenesis RA signaling is active in spatially restricted domains defined by the expression of genes involved in RA production and RA breakdown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomed Res Int
January 2025
Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital "Medika", Ruse, Bulgaria.
The brachial plexus is the primary nerve source for the upper limb. Variations in its anatomy can alter the nerve supply to the upper extremity. Such deviations are clinically important, as they can change the symptomatology of various pathologic conditions, leading to misdiagnosis, inadequate treatment, and surgical failures as a consequence.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Physiol
January 2025
Susan Samueli Integrative Health Institute and Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States.
Stellate ganglion blockade (SGB) is a practical approach to managing many clinical disorders. Ultrasound-guided SGB is currently adopted as a more effective and safer method in humans. Developing this technique in rats would facilitate further study of SGB application.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Neuropathol Exp Neurol
January 2025
Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Parkinson and Movement Disorders Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.
The EIF4G1 gene has been considered an autosomal dominant cause of Parkinson disease (PD), even if its role is still debated. The objective of this study was to describe the phenotype and α-synuclein distribution in peripheral tissues in 2 related PD patients (mother and daughter), who are carriers of the same variant in exon 10 of EIF4G1 (c.1216G>A, p.
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