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A state-of-the-art methodology for high-throughput in silico vaccine discovery against protozoan parasites and exemplified with discovered candidates for Toxoplasma gondii. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Finding vaccines for certain parasites is really tricky, and there are not many approved vaccines for the diseases they cause.
  • Some types of vaccines work better, but they can also be more dangerous.
  • Scientists are trying a new method using computer programs to find good vaccine ideas based on a parasite's proteins, and they’ve even ranked proteins from Toxoplasma gondii to see which ones might help the immune system the most!

Article Abstract

Vaccine discovery against eukaryotic parasites is not trivial as highlighted by the limited number of known vaccines compared to the number of protozoal diseases that need one. Only three of 17 priority diseases have commercial vaccines. Live and attenuated vaccines have proved to be more effective than subunit vaccines but adversely pose more unacceptable risks. One promising approach for subunit vaccines is in silico vaccine discovery, which predicts protein vaccine candidates given thousands of target organism protein sequences. This approach, nonetheless, is an overarching concept with no standardised guidebook on implementation. No known subunit vaccines against protozoan parasites exist as a result of this approach, and consequently none to emulate. The study goal was to combine current in silico discovery knowledge specific to protozoan parasites and develop a workflow representing a state-of-the-art approach. This approach reflectively integrates a parasite's biology, a host's immune system defences, and importantly, bioinformatics programs needed to predict vaccine candidates. To demonstrate the workflow effectiveness, every Toxoplasma gondii protein was ranked in its capacity to provide long-term protective immunity. Although testing in animal models is required to validate these predictions, most of the top ranked candidates are supported by publications reinforcing our confidence in the approach.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10201501PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-34863-9DOI Listing

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